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Add MS 24937
- Record Id:
- 032-002032246
- Hierarchy Root Ancestor Record Id:
- 032-002032246
- MDARK:
- ark:/81055/vdc_100000000043.0x0000f9
- LARK:
- SLARK:
- Format:
- ISAD(G)
- Reference (shelfmark):
- Add MS 24937
- Title:
-
Middle Dutch Guide for Spiritual Pilgrimage to Jerusalem
- Scope & Content:
-
This manuscript contains one of the two extant manuscript copies of a guide for undertaking spiritual pilgrimage to Jerusalem (the other manuscript copy is in Göttingen, Universitätsbibliothek, 8° Cod. Ms. theol. 295i) that is attributed to a certain priest named ‘Heer Bethleem’. The guide concerns a devotional exercise that, according to the work's introduction, allows the reader to travel virtually to the Holy Land. The text comprises descriptions of the Passion narrative, beginning with the Last Supper and ending with this Resurrection, and of the Virgin Mary's agony during Christ's suffering, that are intersected with indulgenced instructions for Paternosters and Aves and other texts of prayer. These descriptions are divided over the days of the week, so that the reader daily can make virtual journeys to different sites associated with the Passion narrative. The guide appears to have been very popular: it was repeatedly printed in Dutch and French in the second half of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
Contents:
ff. 2r-39v: A guide for undertaking virtual pilgrimage to Jerusalem attributed to a priest named ‘Bethleem’, comprising descriptions of the Passion narrative, beginning with Christ’s agony in the garden of Gethsemane and ending with this Resurrection, intersected with indulgenced instructions for Paternosters and Aves and other texts of prayer, divided over the days of the week: ‘[rubric:] Dit devoot boexken heeft een weerdich priester ghenaemt heer Bethleem bescreven die int heylighe lant van beloeften binnen der stadt van Jherusalem menighen tijt ghewoont heeft . Ende hi hevet alle die heylighe plaetsen nauw ghemeten ende bescreven daer onse lieve heere gheleden heeft om ons arme sondaere te verlossen van die eewighe doot . [introduction:] Dit is den aflaet van der heyligher stadt van calvarien welcken aflaet een yeghelijc mensche verdienen mach die den allendighen ende swaren ganck des cruijsdraghens vanden naecten bloedighen Jesum nae volghen ende sijn bitter liden met innigher herten ende met medeliden overdincken Dit en is niet te verstaen dat men dit verdient alleen die te Jerusalem sijn oft die daer reysen maer alle menschen in wat plaetsen dat sij sijn als si haer herten innichlijck tot gode keeren ende die heilighe plaetsen daer dit gheschiet es devotelijck ende met compassie mediteren nae haer cranck menschelijke verstant soe moghen sij desen aflaet van der gratien gods verdienen alsoe dicwils als si selve willen ende ooc alsoo volcomelijck als oft si binnen die stede van ierusalem waren ende alle die heilighe plaetsen daer lichamelijc besochten . Maer die ghene die innicheit ende met grooten arbeyt ende coste daer reysen die sullen sonder twifel nae grootheit haere arbeits ende nae haer devotie wel gheloont worden van onsen lieven heere . Maer die ghene die metten lichame daer niet gecomen en connen ende met haerder begheerten die heilighe plaetsen mediteren ende met medeliden grueten in der manieren gelijck hier na bescreven staet : dijen wort den heilighen aflaet vander heiligher stadt van ierusalem ende van calvarien alsoe volcomelijcken verleent als oft si daer selve teghenwordich waren . Want die heilighe pausen hebben dat gegheven wt den overvloedighen scat des bitteren lidens ende der weerdigher verdiensten vanden bloedighen ghecruysten iesum cristum onsen lieven heere doer sijn heilighe wonden ende doer sijn dierbaer wtghestort bloet [etc.]’.
ff. 39v-41v: Prayers for undertaking virtual pilgrimage in order to do penitence, ‘Item wanneer ghi u penitentie voer u sonden lesen wilt soo knielt innichlijck metter herten opten berch van Calvarien onder dat cruys ons liefs heeren iesu Christi ende bidt hem devotelijc met vierigher begeerten dat hi sijn heet dierbaer bloet storte op u coude sondige siele in een afwasschen uwer sonden’; the text ends imperfectly.
Decoration:
Initials in red.
- Collection Area:
- Western Manuscripts
- Project / Collection:
- Additional Manuscripts
- Hierarchy Tree:
- [{ "id" : "032-002032246", "parent" : "#", "text" : "Add MS 24937: Middle Dutch Guide for Spiritual Pilgrimage to Jerusalem" , "li_attr" : {"class": "orderable"} }]
- Hierarchy Record Ids:
- 032-002032246
- Is part of:
- not applicable
- Hierarchy:
- 032-002032246
- Container:
- not applicable
- Record Type (Level):
- Fonds
- Extent:
-
Parchment codex
- Digitised Content:
- Languages:
- Dutch, Middle
- Scripts:
- Latin
- Start Date:
- 1450
- End Date:
- 1499
- Date Range:
- 2nd half of the 15th century
- Era:
- CE
- Access:
-
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- User Conditions:
- Physical Characteristics:
-
Materials: Parchment.
Dimensions: 200 x 130 mm (text space: 145 x 100 mm).
Foliation: ff. 41 ( + 4 unfoliated modern paper leaves at the beginning + 4 at the end); f. 1 is repaired (only parts of notes in Dutch legible)
Binding: Post-1600. Brown blind-stamped and –tooled leather binding, the spine inscribed in gold by the British Museum: ‘PRAYERS FOR INDULGENCES AT THE HOLY PLACES IN JERUSALEM. FLEMISH.’.
- Custodial History:
-
‘Cornelius’ (unidentified Dutch owner), 16th century (?): his name inscribed in pencil notes in the lower margins: his name inscribed on ff. 13r, 18r (‘Deesen Boeck behort Toe aen Cor[ne]lius’), 33r, 36.
‘Marcel Goossens’ (unidentified Dutch owenr), 17th century (?): note in pencil (f. 10r).
Moritz Heidenheim (b. 1824, d. 1898), Anglican priest and Old Testament scholar, in 1862: purchased from him by the British Museum (note on f. [4] recto ‘Purchased of the Rev ; M. Heidenheim, 22 ; July 1862’) for £2.00 (together with Add MS 24938).
- Publications:
-
Karel de Flou and Edward Gailliard, Beschrijving van Middelnederlandse en andere handschriften die in Engeland bewaard worden, Verslagen en Mededelingen van de Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie voor Taal- en Letterkunde, 3 vols (Ghent: Koninklijke Vlaamsche Academie voor Taal- en Letterkunde, 1895–1897), I, pp. 161-63 (no. 50).
Robert Priebsch, Deutsche Handschriften in England, 2 vols (Erlangen: Junge, 1896–1901), II, pp. 214-15 (no. 260).
Herbert Thurson, The Stations of the Cross: An Account of Their History and Devotional Purpose (London: Burns & Oates, 1906), pp. 77-79, 177-79.
Ria Jansen-Sieben, Repertorium van de Middelnederlandse Artes-literatuur (Utrecht, HES, 1989), no. L 780.
Ursula Ganz-Blättler, Andacht und Abenteuer: Berichte europäischer Jerusalem- und Santiago-Pilger (1320-1520) (Tübingen: Narr, 1991), p. 384.
Mitzi Kirkland-Ives, In the Footsteps of Christ Hans Memling's Passion Narratives and the Devotional Imagination in the Early Modern Netherlands (Turnhout: Brepols, 2013), pp. 75-79, 153-54.
Mitzi Kirkland, ‘The Suffering Christ and Visual Mnemonics in Netherlandish Devotions’, in Death, Torture and the Broken Body in European Art, 1300-1650, ed. by John R. Decker and Mitzi Kirkland-Ives (Ashgate: Farnham, 2015), pp. 35-54 (p. 47).
Kathryn Blair Moore, The Architecture of the Christian Holy Land: Reception from Late Antiquity through the Renaissance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017), p. 240.
Dietrich Huschenbett, 'Priester Bethlem', in Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters: Verfasserlexikon, ed by Wolfgang Stammler and others, 13 vols (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1978-2007), I, pp. 835-37; XI (2004), p. 248.
- Material Type:
- Archives and Manuscripts
- Legal Status:
- Not Public Record(s)
- Places:
- The Netherlands
- Related Material:
-
Catalogue of Additions to the Manuscripts in the British Museum in the Years 1861-1875 (London: Longmans, 1877), p. 124: 'PRAYERS for indulgences at the holy places at Jerusalem, arranged according to the days of the week, written by "een weerdich priester ghenaemt heer Bethleem." Flemish. Vellum; xvth cent. Octavo.'.