This manuscript is a 16th-century rutter or pilot-book known as the Roteiro do Mar Roxo (Rutter of the Red Sea). It was made by the Portuguese nobleman João de Castro (b. 1500, d. 1548) during his 1541 expedition to Suez under Estêvão da Gama (b. c. 1505, d. 1576), governor of Portuguese India. ...