Add MS 31001

This late fifteenth-century prayer-book supplied a convent of Dominican nuns with a large number of Christocentric prayers in addition to those of the Divine Office. Many of the manuscript's Passion-centred prayers are designed to help readers travel virtually to the sites associated with the Passion (the Seven Pilgrim Churches and the Holy Land) and to earn the same indulgences that pilgrims could earn at these sites. Such prayers were especially popular among enclosed convents, such as those of Dominican nuns, since they were unable to leave their houses and undertake physical pilgrimage.

ff. 1v-2r: An instruction to pray seven hundred Aves on the feast of the Virgin Mary (purportedly revealed by herself) and daily seven Aves, according to the text, commonly performed in Bridgettine monasteries, ‘[introduction:] Item het is gemenlick in sint brigetten cloesteren Soe wie maria eygen wil syn die sal op een dach van haer hoechtiden lesen .vij. C. Ave marien Men moet daer wel twe of driewerf over lesen opten selven dach Mar dicwyl dat men se leest soe en selmen niet sprecken Dit heeft die waerde moeder maria selver geopenbaert Ende het is haer seer angenaem ende si wil hem seer veel genaden verwerven by haren kynde Jhesu Sonderlinge dat si niet en sellen steven in doet sonden ende men sel dit gebet daer op die .vij. C Ave maria lesen Ende voert alle dage vij Ave maria mit dit gebet [rubric:] gebet [prayer:] O Soete maria Joncfrou ic geve my u eyghen [etc.]’.

ff. 2v-3v: The Ten commandments, '[underlined:] Dit syn die tien geboden die een yeghelick mensch schuldich is te houden op syn ewige salicheit of verdomenis [text:] Ghi selt anbeden ende geloven in enen god ende die seldie eeren ende dienen wt alle dynre herten ende sielen [etc.]'.

ff. 3v-4r: Two commandments regarding the love for God and mankind, '[underlined:] Twe generael geboden waer in besloten syn die wet ende alle die propheten Dat eerste [text:] Ghi selt uwen here uwen god lief hebben wt geheelder herten. wt al uwer sielen. wt al uwer crachten wt al u memorie ende verstant [etc.]'.

ff. 4r-4v: A prayer for the morning after rising, '[underlined:] Item dit leest des morgens als gi op staet devotelick [prayer:] O here almachtige god ic danck u dat gi my arme sondaerse desen nacht hebt gewaerdicht te bewaren [etc.]'.

ff. 4v-5r: A prayer invoking protection and aid from the Trinity, ‘Myn moet gebenedien die keyserlike mogenheit + Myn moet beschermen die conincklike godheit + Myn moet bewaren die ewige godheit + Myn moet voeden die onmetelike drievoudicheit [etc.]’.

ff. 5r-6r: A prayer for the evening before going to bed, ‘[introduction:] Item dit leest als gi gaet slapen [prayer:] O here almachtige god ic danck di dat gi my dyn onwaerdige dienstmacht in desen dach overmids dyn goetheit ende ontfermherticheit hebste gewaerdicht te bewaren ende te regieren [etc.]’, followed by two more prayers to Christ for the night.

ff. 6r-7r: A prayer to Christ that the bishop of Cologne purportedly sent to the city of Neuss when it was besieged by Charles the Bold (b. 1433, d. 1477) in 1474-75, and protected the city, ‘[underlined:] Item dit gebet sende die biscop van coelen totter stat van nuys doe sy belegen was van hertoch karel van borgen ende si lasent ende worden verlost [prayer:] O here Jhesu Christe ic bidde u doer dat onsprekelike liden dat gi geleden hebt Doe gi also onghenadelick wortste geworpen opten hout des crucen mit also groter ongenadicheit dat hemel ende aerde wort beroert [etc.]’ [for another copy see Meertens, De godsvrucht in de Nederlanden, I (1930), pp. 140-41].

ff. 7r-8v [+ f. 197r]: An instruction by Christ to his mystical bride to adorn each letter of his name with three ‘roses’: a hitherto unidentified copy of sermon 33 of the Middle Dutch Jesus Collacien (Jesus Sermons), ‘Onse heer leert syn bruyt die minnende ziel hoe dattet behoerlic is dat si groot maect die naem hoers brudegoms Ende si haer verblyt als si hem hoert noemen Want seit hy ic bin die brudegom der maechden Soe wil ic u leeren hoe dat gi mynen naem vercieren selt elcke letter bisonder mit drie rosen [etc.]’; with diagrams in which each letter of the name ‘JHESU’ is connected to its different meanings [for an edition from another manuscript, see Jhesus collacien, ed. by A. M. Baaij (1962), pp. 231-33].

ff. 9r-9v: A prayer to Christ, ‘Ghegruet gheloeft ghedanct gheeert ghebenedyt soe moet gy syn hondert dusent vout O Eerwaerdighe heilighe drievoudicheit Een waerachtich ewich god Ick arme sonderinne legge hier voer die voeten dynre grondeloser ontfermherticheit [etc.]’; the first item of a sequence of prayers concerning Christ’s suffering and prayers to saints and angels that alternate with Middle Dutch translations of the Seven Penitential Psalms (ends on f. 33v); according to Kathryn M. Rudy the sequence was recited to visit virtually the Seven Pilgrim Churches in Rome: each section is dedicated to another saint whose bones are buried see Rudy, Virtual Pilgrimages (2011), pp. 178-82) .

ff. 9v-9v: A prayer to Christ for obtaining the graces and indulgences that can be earned in the Seven Pilgrim Churches in Rome, ‘Ghegruet ghelooft gedanckt ende ghebenedyt soe moetstu syn hondert dusent fout wt die gront myns herten O alder soetste here Jhesu Christe Ghy syt een clyn kindekyn gheworden om mynen wil in groter armoeden [etc.]’.

ff. 9v-10v: A prayer to Christ invoking the Circumcision, ‘[rubric:] ghebet [prayer:] Ghegruet ghelooft gedanct ende ghebenedyt soe moetstu syn hondert dusent fout wt die gront myns herten O alder soetste here Jhesu Christe Ghy syt een cleyn kindekyn gheworden om mynen wil in groter armoede [etc.]’.

ff. 10v-11v: A prayer to Christ, addressing all angels, ‘[rubric:] ghebet tot onse engel [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft geeert soe moetstu syn O myn utvercoren costelike paerle ende bewaerre mynen heilighen engel die ic van god bevolen bin en wilt my niet verlaten tot dat gy my hebt gebrocht voer die consistorie der heiliger drievoudicheit om hem daer te loven ende te dancken mit dy inder ewicheit [etc.]’.

ff. 11v [+ f. 198r]: A prayer based on Psalm 6:2 (Douai-Rheims Bible), ‘O heer in dyn verbolgenheit en straft my niet noch in dinen toren ende castyt my niet [etc.]’.

ff. 12r-12v: A prayer for Christ’s suffering in the Garden of Gethsemane in the name of St Peter, ‘[rubric:] Petrus [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft etcaetera [sic] soe moetstu syn hondert dusent fout O alder bedroeste [sic] here Hoe was u te moede doe ghy laecht opten berch van [calvarien] oliveten doe gy sweete water ende bloet van groeter bannicheit [sic] [etc.]’.

ff. 12v-13v: A prayer to St Peter and those with him (Old Testament patriarchs and prophets), ‘[rubric:] ghebet [prayer:] Weest ghegruet O heilighe apostel sinte pieter mit alle die heiligen die by u rusten Ende alle heilighen patriarchen ende propheten ende alle salige zielen van dat oude testament [etc.]’.

ff. 13v-14v [+ f. 199r]: A prayer based on Psalm 32:1 (Douai-Rheims Bible), ‘[rubric:] salm ij [prayer:] Salich syn alle die geen die haer sonden vergeven syn ende haer boesheiden bedect syn ende wt ghedaen syn O here voer dyn godlike oghen Noch saliger is die mensch daer god geen sonde in en weet noch in syn gedachten geen bedroch en is [etc.]’.

ff. 15r-15v: A prayer for Christ’s suffering during the Flagellation in the name of St Paul, ‘[rubric:] sancti pauli [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft ghedanct etcaetera [sic] soe moetstu syn hondert dusent vout wt die gront myns herten O alder soetste heer Jhesu Christi myn alder liefste brudegom Jc bidde u oetmoedlick doer dat onbegriplike liden dat gy geleden hebt an die calompne Doer alle die wonden die gy ontfinct [etc.]’.

ff. 15v-16v: A prayer to St Paul and those who rest with him (the Apostles), ‘[rubric:] ghebet [prayer:] Ghegruet geloeft gheeert soe moetstu syn O heilige apostel paulus mit alle die in u kerck rusten Ende du myn wtvercoren waerdighe heilige apostelen sinte andries ende sinte iacop Mit alle die apostelen ende ewangelisten ende discipulen ons heren [etc.]’.

ff. 16v-18v [+ f. 200r]: A prayer based on Psalm 37:2 (Douai-Rheims Bible), ‘O here en castyt my niet mitter roeden dynre rechtvaerdicheit ende en verblyst mi niet inden strenghen oerdel Want die scutten dyns strengen oerdels steken in my [sic] hert [etc.]’.

ff. 19r-19v: A prayer for Christ’s suffering from the Crown of Thorns in the name of the Virgin Mary, ‘[rubric:] ad sanctam mariam [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft ghedanct gheeert benedyt soe moetstu syn hondert dusent fout wten gront myns herten O alder goedertierenste Jhesu Ic bidde u doer alle dat in ende wtwendige liden dat gi gheleden hebt Doe die doernen croen in u ghebenedide hoeft gedruct wort wilt my ontfermen ende die gheheel heilige kerck [etc.]’.

ff. 19v-20r: A prayer to the Virgin Mary, ‘Ghegruet gheloeft geeert ende ghebenedyt so moetstu syn O maria moeder gods myn wtvercoren boven alle creaturen naest gode Die here is mit dy ghebenedyt is dat in ende wtwendich liden dat gi gheleden hebt [etc.]’.

ff. 20r-21v: A prayer to St Catherine of Alexandria, ‘[rubric:] gebet sanctam kathenam [sic]’ [prayer:] weest ghegruet O myn wtvercoren maget sint katherina schoender dan die sterren blickender boven die dagaraet [sic] welrukender boven die balsaem bid voer ons mit alle die heilige maechdekyns [etc.]’.

ff. 21v-23v: A prayer based on Psalm 50:3 (Douai-Rheims Bible), ‘[rubric:] Psalm [prayer:] O here god ontfermt di over my na dyn grote barmherticheit Ende na menichvoudicheit dynre ontfermenisse doet of al myn sonden [etc.]’.

f. 23v [+ f. 201r]: A short prayer to the Virgin Mary, ‘[rubric:] ghebet [prayer:] Weest ghegruet alder heilichste maria moeder gods coninckinne des hemels poerte [etc.]’.

ff. 24r-24v: A prayer for Christ’s suffering on the cold stone in the name of St Laurens ‘[rubric:] sancti laurency [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft gedanct etcaetera [sic] O al soetste Here Jhesu van al dat liden dat gy om my geleden hebt Sonderlinge doe u cleeder wtgedaen worden opten berch van calvarien die in u heilige wonden ghedroecht waren Ende sy setten [sic] op enen couden steen [etc.]’.

ff. 24v-25r: A prayer to St Laurens and those resting with him (all martyrs), ‘[rubric:] gebet [prayer:] Ghegruet soe moetstu syn O heilige maertelaer sint laurencius ende alle die rusten in dyn kerck [etc.]’.

ff. 25v-27v [+ f. 202r]: A prayer based on Psalm 101:1 (Douai-Rheims Bible), ‘[rubric:] Psalm [rubric:] O Here verhoert myn ghebet ende myn roepen moet comen tot dy O here en keert niet of dat aensicht dynre godliker ghenaden van myn arme sondaerse [etc.]’.

ff. 28r-28v: A prayer for Christ’s suffering during the Crucifixion in the name of St Sebastian, ‘[rubric:] sancti sebastiani [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft etcaetera [sic] Soe moetstu syn O myn alder liefste brudegom Hoe mynlick hebdi op u heilige knyen ghevallen voer dat cruys Ende hebt u selven uwen hemelscen vader opgeoffert om ons te verlossen vanden ewigen doot [etc.]’.

ff. 28v-29r: A prayer to St Sebastian and those resting with him (all confessors), ‘Ghegruet sy di O heilige martelaer sint sebastiaen ende alle die by u rusten [etc.]’.

ff. 29r-30r [+ f. 203r]: A prayer based on Psalm 129:1 (Douai-Rheims Bible), ‘[rubric:] psalm [prayer:] O heer vanden diepen gronde myns herten heb ik totti gheropen O lieve ghenadighe heer verhoert doch myn stemme [etc.]’.

ff. 30r-30v: A prayer to the Holy Cross, ‘[rubric:] ghebet totten cruys [prayer:] O Myn verlosser myn here ende myn god Ende myn alder liefste brudegom ic u arme cratuer legge voer u godlike voeten neder gheslagen [etc.]’.

ff. 30v-31v: A prayer to St Anne, her holy family and all blessed souls, ‘[rubric:] gebet [prayer:] O heilige moeder sint anna mit alle u heilighe gheslacht weest gegruet Ende alle salighe zielen die dat aenschyn gods beschouwen [etc.]’.

ff. 31v-33v: A prayer based on Psalm 141:1 (Douai-Rheims Bible), ‘[rubric] Psalm [prayer:] O here verhoert myn ghebet ende vernemt mit dinen oren myn oetmoedige ghebet Also du gesproken hebste in dynre waerheit ende hoort my om dynre rechvaerdicheit [etc.]’.

ff. 33v-34r: A prayer to be recited before the liturgical hours, ‘[underlined:] Dit ghebet selmen devotelick lesen voer die getiden [rubric:] gebet [prayer:] O lieve here ick bidde u doer die veeninghe [sic] dat gi u O alder hoecste god verenicht hebt mit onser menscheliker naturen [etc.]’.

ff. 34r-34v: An indulgenced prayer for after the prayers of the liturgical hours, ‘[underlined:] Dit selmen lesen na die getiden want die paus sixtus den vierden verleent vergiffenisse al dengenen die dit leest devotelick na syn getiden van alle versumenisse die onder die getiden geschiet is [rubric:] ghebet [prayer:] Der onverscheyndenre [sic] heiliger drievoudicheit Jhesus Christus die ghecrusyt is in synder heiliger mensheit Ende der waerder zuver maghet maria mit alle den gansen hemelschen heer sy lof ende eer [etc.]’.

ff. 34v-35r: A prayer for penance, ‘[underlined:] Dit navolgende gebet selmen lesen op ons penitencie [rubric:] ghebet [prayer:] O lieve here Jhesu Christe myn penitenci die ic gelesen heb Die offer ic u op ende bidde u dat gy die ontfangen wilt Ende vruchtbaer maken mitter craft wwes [sic] wtghestorten bloets [etc.]’.

ff. 35r-35v: Five rewards that those who devoutly perform the Divine Office will earn from God, ‘[underlined:] Item soe wie syn getiden devotelick betaelt die sel van god v. sonderlinge gracien vercrigen [text:] Dat eerste is dat god garen [sic] sel horen alle syn gebeden [etc.]’.

ff. 35v-45r: The Seven Psalms, ‘[underlined:] Incipit vij. psalmi [prayer:] Domine ne in furore tuo arguas me: neque in ira tua corripias me [etc.]’.

ff. 45r-51r: A litany of saints, ‘[rubric:] letania [litany:] Kyrieleyson Christe eleyson Christe audi nos [etc.]’.

ff. 51r-52r: A litany of the dead, ‘[rubric:] Letania mortuorum [litany:] Propicius esto parte eis domine [etc.]’.

ff. 52r-53v: Different prayers for the souls of the deceased, ‘[rubric:] pro anniversario [prayer:] Deus indulgenciarum domine da animabus fidelium tuorum quorum anniversarium deposicionis diem commemoramus refrigerij sedem qui etcaetera [sic] [etc.]’ (followed by prayers for all faithful souls, members of a religious congregation, fathers and mothers, bishops, men and women).

ff. 53v-68v: A treatise on the foundation of indulgences with a calendar of indulgences that can be earned in all of Rome’s churches throughout the year, ‘[underlined:] Dit syn die fondamenten vanden oflaten [prayer:] O wat verstants te hebben vanden oflaten Soe is te weten dat alle pardonen of oflaten nemen haer fundament oerspronck ende macht wt .v. principael fondamenten [etc.]’.

ff. 68v-70r: A treatise describing how to visit virtually the Seven Pilgrim Churches in order to earn the indulgences available in Rome, ‘[underlined:] Een devote maner [sic] om te visiteren die vij kercken [text:] Om te visiteren die seven kercken selmen mercken dat men die mach versoecken in drierehande andacht [etc.]’ [edited by Rudy, Virtual Pilgrimages (2011), pp. 401-02].

ff. 70r-72v: An instruction to visit virtually the Seven Pilgrim Churches as if one is present in the Holy Land, begins ‘Ten anderen selmen die seven kercken visiteren als of men waer ten heiligen landen versockende Die heilighe steden ende plaetsen die men eeren sal als dat lantscap Christi [etc.]’ [edited by Rudy, Virtual Pilgrimages (2011), pp. 402-404].

ff. 73r-75v: An instruction to visit virtually the Seven Pilgrim Churches in order to visit the Heavenly Kingdom, begins ‘Ten derden selmen die seven kercken of outaren versoecken als woeningen des hemelschenn rycks [etc.]’.

ff. 75v-77v: A treatise regarding the conditions of earning indulgences through virtual pilgrimage to the Seven Pilgrim Churches, ‘[rubric:] Dit syn navolgende .v. condicien die van node syn om die oflaten te vercrigen [text:] Ten oersten die geen die oflaten willen vercrigen die moeten hebben een starck ende vast gheloef in die macht vanden paus van romen [etc.]’.

ff. 77v-79v [+ f. 204]: On the graces that can be earned from indulgences, ‘[underlined:] Hier na volghen .ix. gracien die sy vercrighen die oflaten verdienen [prayer:] Ten eersten sy vercrigen quyt scheldinge ende ofslach van der pynen der dootliker sonden [etc.]’.

ff. 80r-90r: Prayers for the canonical hours on Monday, ‘[rubric:] Des maendachs te mettentyt een devote oeffeninghe [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft gedanct gheeert gebenedyt gheglorificeert ende ghemint soe moetstu syn hondert dusent dusentich [sic] vout wt die in aderen mynrs sielen O eerwaerdige heilige drievoudicheit Ic arme snode creatuer begeer te anbeden dyn onghebeelt ende onghescapen ewich wesen [etc.]’; featuring instructions to ‘here have your meal with Mary and Elisabeth’ (‘Hout hier u maeltyt mit maria ende elisabeth’) at None, and ‘here have your evening meal with Mary and Joseph’ (‘Hout hier u avent mael mit maria ende ioseph’) at Compline; according to Kathryn M. Rudy the prayers for the canonical hours for seven days (ff. 80r-162v) were recited while visiting the sites in the Holy Land (for a discussion and overview of the prayers included see Rudy, Virtual Pilgrimages (2011), pp. 185-92, 404-10].

ff. 90r-98r: Prayers for the liturgical hours on Tuesday, ‘[rubric:] Des dinxdachs te metten [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft etcaetera [sic] sytstu O myn here ende myn god inder ewicheit [etc.]’; featuring instructions to ‘here have your meal with Jesus, Mary and Joseph’ (‘Hout hier u maeltyt mit Jhesus maria ende ioseph’) at None, and ‘here have your evening meal with Jesus, Mary and Joseph’ (‘Hier hout u avent mael mit Jhesus maria ende ioseph’) at Compline.

ff. 98r-104r: Prayers for the liturgical hours on Wednesday, ‘[rubric:] Des woensdachs te metten tyt [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft etcaetera [sic] soe moetstu syn O myn here ende myn god hoe vriedelick naemstu oerlof an dyn gebenedide lieve moeder [etc.]’; featuring instructions to ‘here have your meal with Jesus’ (‘Hier hout u maeltyt mit Jhesus’) at None, and ‘here have your evening meal with Jesus and the entire sad fellowship’ (‘Hout hier u avent mael mit Jhesus ende alle dat bedructe geselscap’) at Compline.

ff. 104r-110v: Prayers for the liturgical hours on Thursday, ‘[rubric:] Des donredachs te mettentyt [prayer:] Gheguret gedanct etcaetera [sic] soe moetstu syn O ghebenedide Jhesu Du gincste des maendachs ende dinxdachs vroech weder te Jherusalem [etc.]’; featuring instructions to ‘here hold your evening meal on Jesus’ bosom with John’ (‘Hout hier u avent mael op Jhesus borst mit iohannes’ and ‘here hold your night rest with Christ and his disciples’ (‘Hout hier u nachtrust mit Jhesus ende syn lieve discipulen’) at and after Compline.

ff. 110v-132r [+ f. 205r after f. 211]: Prayers for the liturgical hours on Friday, ‘[rubric:] Des vridachs te metten tyt [prayer:] Ghegruet gedanct etcaetera [sic] soe moetstu syn O alder liefste brudegom Doe ginct gi also veer [sic] als men mit een steen werpen mocht [etc.]’; featuring instructions to ‘here hold your meal below Jesus’s cross and note what happens there’ (‘Hout hier u maeltyt under Jhesus cruys ende merct wat hier geschiet’) at None and to ‘hold your evening meal with Mary and her sad friends’ (‘Hout u aventmael mit maria ende haer bedructe vrienden’) at Compline.

ff. 132v-139r: Prayers for the liturgical hours on Saturday, ‘[rubric:] Des saterdachs te metten [prayer:] Ghegruet geloeft etcaetera [sic] soe moetstu syn O heer Ihesu alder sterckste verwinre des doots Hoe was u alder edelste ziel te moede Doe si gescheiden was van u alder heilichste lichaem [etc.]’; featuring instructions to ‘here hold your meal with Mary and her sad friends’ (‘Hout hier u maeltyt mit maria ende alle die bedructe vrienden’) at None, and to ‘here hold your evening meal and night rest with Mary’ (‘Hout hier u avenmael ende nachtrust mit maria’) at Compline.

ff. 139v-162v [+ f. 206r after f. 142]: Prayers for the liturgical hours on Sunday, ‘[rubric:] Des sondachs te metten tyt [prayer:] Ghegruet gheloeft gedanct etcaetera [sic] soe moetstu syn O schepper alre creaturen onse verlosser O minlike ende alder suverste lindebom der minnen [etc.]’; featuring instructions to pray devoutly to the Trinity and Christ, the Virgin Mary, and one’s guardian angel.

ff. 163r-176r: Magdalena Beutler (b. 1407, d. 1458), Poor Clare at the convent of St Klara in Freiburg im Breisgau, The Golden Litany, ‘[underlined:] Hier beginnen die gulden letanen [sic] die god self geopenbaert heeft ende syn seer goet gelesen om te vercrigen van dat geen dat men vuerichlick bidt voer levede [sic] ende dooden [rubric:] letania [prayer:] O heer ontfermt die onser Cryste ontfermt di onser Heer ontfermt die onser Ende verleent ons cracht onser sielen inwendich ende wtwendich w te dienen na uwen alder liefsten wil [etc.]’ [see Een Diets gebedenboek, ed. by Luc Indestege (1961), pp. 153-62; Meertens, De godsvrucht in de Nederlanden, I (1930), pp. 133-34; Greenspan, Erklaerung (1990), pp. 311-14; Rudy, Rubrics (2017), pp. 231-32].

ff. 176r-179v: Prayers in preparation for communion, ‘[underlined:] Hoe men daghelics ontfangen sel in onser sielen als men onse here op heft selmen aldus seggen [prayer:] O myn here ende myn god gi syt daer tegenwoerdich onder een heiligen sacrament Ic bin een arm sondich creatuer wilt my ansien mit u barmhertige ogen [etc.]’.

ff. 179v-184v: Prayers for communion, ‘[underlined:] Wilt u dan mytten soeten here verenigen ende hem devotelick ontfangen ende hiet hem vriendelick wollecoem ende segt aldus [prayer:] Wellecom O vader O soen ende O heilige geest O here ic offer u nu alle die liefste ende minne die tot u gedragen is inder hemel ende inder aerden of tot w gedragen sel worden [etc.]’.

ff. 184v-187v: Prayers to Christ for ‘our congregation’, ‘[underlined:] Item dit selmen lesen voer onse vergaderinge [prayer:] O here Jhesu Christe Almachtige god die dese stede hebste vercoren om dy daer te dinen Ende om te bewaren dyn heilige geboden geeft alle die daer in woenen vrede ende eendrachtigheit des herten ende des lichaems [etc.]’.

ff. 188v-196r: The Stations of the Cross and their indulgences, ‘[introduction:] Hier beginnen die stacien ende oflaten die men binnen Romen verdienen mach [rubric:] In den advent [text:] Den eersten sondach inden advent stacie tot sinte maria maior xxviii.M. iaer oflaets ende .xxviii.M. carenen ende verghiffenis van een derdedeel quitt van allen sonden [etc.]’.

ff. 197-206: The endings of ten items that once had printed images pasted on their now empty verso sides to juxtapose the beginnings of their following items; the folios were removed from the manuscript when the printed images were taken out and subsequently rebound at the end of the manuscript.

[f. 1r and 188r are blank].

Decoration:

The manuscript originally included 10 printed hand-coloured engravings, some by the German printmaker and goldsmith Israhel van Meckenem (b. c. 1445, d. 1503), that were once pasted on the verso sides of ff. 197-206. The illustrations were removed at the British Museum's Prints & Drawings department and transferred to the Department of Manuscripts on 14 November 1868 [accession numbers LBMPD 1868, 1114.222-231]. They are described in Rudy, Virtual Pilgrimages (2011), pp. 399-400.