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Add MS 34209
- Record Id:
- 032-002025196
- Hierarchy Root Ancestor Record Id:
- 032-002025196
- MDARK:
- ark:/81055/vdc_100000000054.0x00016e
- LARK:
- ark:/81055/vdc_100059099888.0x000001
- SLARK:
- Format:
- ISAD(G)
- Reference (shelfmark):
- Add MS 34209
- Title:
- Antiphonal and Gradual of Ambrosian use
- Scope & Content:
-
This 12th-century Gradual and Antiphonal is thought to contain one of the earliest surviving redactions of music for the winter part of the Ambrosian liturgy.
Contents:
ff. 1r-135v: A Gradual with Antiphonal according to the Ambrosian use, imperfect: extending from the middle of the 1st Sunday in Advent to Easter Eve. Besides the usual Offices from the Temporale, the Feast of the Translation of St James is introduced after that of the Holy Innocents, and the Feasts of saints Sebastian and Solutor, Agnes, Vincent, Babylas, Julius of Novara, Severus, and the Purification of the Virgin, between the 5th Sunday after Epiphany and Septuagesima Sunday. At the end (ff. 131r-135r) are added some prayers or Litanies for the first two Sundays in Lent, Antiphons for the Monday and Tuesday before Christmas, the hymn Magno salutis gaudio for Palm Sunday, Gloria in excelsis, Venite, exultemus and Desiderabiliora sunt followed by several Alleluias with very long and elaborate prayers, and psalm verses Lux orta est, and Lucerna pedibus.
Decoration:
21 large initials outlined in brown ink with a foliate and interlace decoration on a red, brown, green and yellow ground (ff. 2r, 9r [features an anthropomorphic figure], 12r, 17v, 23v [features 2 birds’ heads], 32v, 36r, 44v, 47r, 49v, 51r, 63r, 65v, 68v, 73r, 89v, 96r, 111r, 118v, 121v [features a bird], 126v); 6 large initials in the same style with zoomorphic letters (ff. 5v, 9r, 25v, 76r, 102v, 130v). Small plain initials in brown or red ink. Neumes and clefs in brown ink (except for two neumes added in green ink on f. 62v), staff lines in red ink, ‘B-flat’ lines in green ink. Rubrics in red.
- Collection Area:
- Western Manuscripts
- Project / Collection:
- Additional Manuscripts
England and France 700-1200 Project - Hierarchy Tree:
- [{ "id" : "032-002025196", "parent" : "#", "text" : "Add MS 34209: Antiphonal and Gradual of Ambrosian use" , "li_attr" : {"class": "orderable"} }]
- Hierarchy Record Ids:
- 032-002025196
- Is part of:
- not applicable
- Hierarchy:
- 032-002025196
- Container:
- not applicable
- Record Type (Level):
- Fonds
- Extent:
-
A parchment codex
- Digitised Content:
- https://iiif.bl.uk/uv/#?manifest=https://bl.digirati.io/iiif/ark:/81055/vdc_100059099888.0x000001
- Thumbnail:
-
- Languages:
- Latin
- Scripts:
- Latin
- Start Date:
- 1100
- End Date:
- 1199
- Date Range:
- 12th century
- Era:
- CE
- Access:
-
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- User Conditions:
- Letter of introduction required to view this manuscript
- Physical Characteristics:
-
Materials: Parchment.
Dimensions: 250 x 140 mm (text space: 165 x 105 mm).
Foliation: ff. 135 + 22* ( + 3 unfoliated modern paper flyleaves at the beginning + at the end); f. 22* is a parchment fragment with musical notation mounted on a paper guard between f. 22 and f. 23; 1 parchment stub between f. 22 and f. 22*; and 1 between f. 134 and f. 135; part of the lower half of f. 132 has been removed (with loss of text); the lower margin of f. 133 has been removed and replaced with paper (with loss of text); f. 131 has been mounted on a paper stub; damage to some folios with paper repairs, sometimes resulting in the loss of text and music notation (e.g. ff. 1-7); a paper pastedown (with bibliographical notes) on f. [ii] recto.
Script: Protogothic.
Binding: Post-1600. British Museum/British Library in-house. Gold-tooled born half leather binding, the spine inscribed in gold: ‘ANTIPHONAL’; marbled endpapers.
- Custodial History:
-
Origin: Northern Italy.
Provenance:
According to Michel Huglo, the manuscript was produced in Northern Italy, and can be associated with the liturgical manuscripts produced in Verona, Bobbio and Emilia (see Huglo, Fonti e Paleografia (1956), pp. 39-44). Garrison, too, suggests a provenance in Northern Italy, but argues that it was made in Novara (see Garrison, Early Italian Painting (1984), II, p. 324, n. 10). This is supported by the manuscript’s inclusion of hymns for the feasts of St Solutor, patron of Turin, St Babylas, whose body was translated to Cremona, Julius of Novara, and Severus of Ravenna.
? An unknown French book dealer, owned in the 18th century: its catalogue entry (no. 153) pasted on f. [iii] verso.
Ludwig Rosenthal (b. 1840, d. 1928), art and book collector at Munich; purchased from him by the British Museum on 9 July 1892 (inscribed on f. [i] recto) for £130.
- Information About Copies:
-
Full digital coverage available for this manuscript; see Digitised Manuscripts, https://bl.uk/manuscripts/.
Select digital coverage available for this manuscript; see the Catalogue of Illuminated Manuscripts, https://bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/.
- Publications:
-
Ambroise Kienle, ‘Über ambrosianische Liturgie und ambrosianischen Gesang’, Studien und Mittheilungen aus dem Benedictiner- und dem Cistercienser-Orden, 5: 1-2 (1884), I, part 2, p. 346; II, part 4, p. 340.
Catalogue of Additions to the Manuscripts in the British Museum in the years 1888-1893 (London: British Museum, 1894), p. 236.
Antiphonarium Ambrosianum du Musée Britannique (XIIe siècle), Codex Additional 34209, Paléographie musicale, Facsimilés phototypiques, 5-6 (Solesmes: Abbaye Saint-Pierre, 1896-1900) [facsimile and transcription].
Michel Huglo, Fonti e Paleografia del canto ambrosiano, trans. by Aurelio Fossati and others, Archivio ambrosiano, 7 (Milan: [Benedictine monks of Viboldone Abbey, San Giulano Milanese], 1956), pp. 39-44.
Klaus Gamber, Codice liturgici latini antiquiores, 2nd edn (Fribourg: Universitätsverlag Fribourg, 1968), p. 66, n. 55.
Edward B. Garrison, Early Italian Painting: Selected Studies, 2 vols (London: Pindar Press, 1984), II, p. 324, n. 10.
Terence Bailey, The Ambrosian Cantus, Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen/Musicological Studies, 47 (Ottawa: The Institute of Mediaeval Music, 1987), pp. 18 n. 15, 30 n. 11, 145 (L).
Kenneth Levy, ‘Latin Chants outside the Roman Tradition’, in The New Oxford History of Music, 10 vols (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990), II (1990): The Early Middle Ages to 1300, ed. by Richard Crocker and David Hiley, pp. 69-110 (p. 86).
Giacomo Baroffio, ‘Iter Liturgicum Ambrosianum: Inventario sommario di libri liturgici ambrosiani’, Aevum, 74 (2000), 583-603 (p. 585).
Terence Bailey, The Transitoria of the Ambrosian Mass: Compositional Process in Ecclesiastical Chant, Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen/Musicological Studies, 79 (Ottowa: The Institute of Mediaeval Music, 2003), pp. xi, 17, 75, 76.
Terence Bailey, The Chants of the Ambrosian Offertory: The Antiphons ‘after the Gospel’ and the Offerendae, Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen/Musicological Studies, 92 (Ottawa: The Institute of Mediaeval Music, 2009), p. 57 n. 55.
Anna Zayaruznaya, ‘In Defense of Green Lines, or: The Notation of B-flat in Early Ambrosian Antiphoners’, in Ambrosiana at Harvard: New Sources of Milanese Chant, ed. by Thomas Forrest Kelly and Matthew Mugmon, Houghton Library Studies, 3 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010), 33-56, figs 3.1, 3.5, 3.7, 3.8, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 321.
Emma Hornby and Rebecca Maloy, Music and Meaning in Old Hispanic Lenten Chants: Psalmi, Threni and the Easter Vigil Canticles (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2013), pp. 284 n. 124, 85 fig. 39, 290-91 (table 44), 297 (table 47).
- Material Type:
- Archives and Manuscripts
- Legal Status:
- Not Public Record(s)
- Notes:
- This manuscript is part of The Polonsky Foundation England and France Project: Manuscripts from the British Library and the Bibliothèque nationale de France, 700-1200.