Cotton MS Galba B X

Collection of letters and papers concerning England and Burgundy, dating from between 1531 and 1546.

f. 1r: Cottonian title-page.

ff. 2r-6v: Four letters from Stephen Vaughan to Thomas Cromwell. Reporting having finished a book concerning the wool trade in the Low Countries, and sending intelligence on the wool trade. Berghes, January 22, and Antwerp, February 13, 20 and 26 1531/2.

f. 6v: Fragment of a letter from Stephen Vaughan to an unnamed recipient. On the grievances of the English merchants in the Low Countries. Calais, March 16 1531/2.

ff. 7r-8v: Corrected draft letter from Stephen Vaughan to King Henry VIII. Sending intelligence concerning a truce between Archduke Ferdinand and the Turkish forces, and reporting that Mary, Queen of Hungary, has been made governess of the Low Countries. Also on some endeavors to bring over William Tyndale. Barrow [20 May 1531].

f. 9r-9v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan, possibly to Thomas Cromwell. On the arduous nature of his duty, and requesting indulgence. Barrow, May 20 1531.

ff. 10r-11v: Letter from Augustinus de Augustinus, physician, to Thomas Howard, third Duke of Norfolk. Reporting his audiences with Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, in which he gave him an account of the English court, especially as to religion; and requested some countenance on the part of Henry VIII. Ghent, June 3 1531. Latin.

ff. 12r-16v: Two copies of instructions sent to Mary, Queen of Hungary, as governess of the Low Countries. Brussels, October 7 1531.

ff. 17r-19v: Instructions given to the Privy Council of the Low Countries. Brussels, October 1 1531. French.

ff. 20r-22v: Ordinance or instruction issued by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the council of state of the Low Countries. Concerning the government of the Low Countries. Brussels, October 1 1531. French.

ff. 23r-27v: Two letters from Stephen Vaughan to Thomas Cromwell. Defending himself against accusations made by George Constantine, concerning his being addicted to the Lutheran sect. Sending intelligence concerning the wool trade, and the court of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Antwerp, December 19, [9], and 30 1531.

ff. 28r-34v: Draft instructions from King Henry VIII to the ambassadors in the Low Countries. To promote friendship and an alliance with Charles V. Holy Roman Emperor.

ff. 35r-36v: Letter from an unnamed ambassador in the Low Countries, possibly to Thomas Howard, third Duke of Norfolk. Sending intelligence concerning individuals at the court in Brussels, and discussing the Pope’s bull authorising the Emperor to levy a tax on the church. Brussels, February 15 1532.

f. 37r-37v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan to Thomas Cromwell. Concerning the wool trade. Antwerp, March 1 1531/2.

f. 38r-38v: Letter from Thomas Cromwell to King Henry VIII. Reporting on a dispatch received from Thomas Wriothesley, ambassador in Flanders, mentioning a request made by Mary, Queen of Hungary, that he continue at her court. London, March 12.

ff. 39r-40v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan to King Henry VIII. Sending intelligence concerning some hulks coming from England, and the movements of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Brussels, April 14 [1532].

ff. 41r-42v: Draft letter from King Henry VIII to Mary, Queen of Hungary. Sending a credential in favour of Thomas Wriothesley and Stephen Vaughan. Corrected in the King’s hand. [1532].

ff. 43r-44*v: Letter from William Lock to Thomas Cromwell. Sending intelligence concerning some work at Calais, and the fisheries. Barrow, February 19 1533/4.

f. 44r-44v: Letter from John Coke, secretary to the merchants adventurers, to Thomas Cromwell. Reporting a satirical exhibition at Barrow, reflecting on the King and Queen. Barrow, May 22 1533.

f. 45r-45v: Letter from Antoine Brusset, possibly to Thomas Cromwell. Reporting the release of two detained people. Gravelines, December 4 1533. French.

ff. 46r-47v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan to King Henry VIII. Concerning the return of William Tyndale. Sent with an addition for Thomas Cromwell. Barrow, January 26 1530/1.

f. 48r-48v: Letter from Thomas Legh, possibly to Thomas Cromwell. Concerning a negotiation with Bremen, and reporting that Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, has issued an ordinance for taxing the clergy of the Low Countries. Antwerp, February 9 1534/5.

f. 49r-49v: Letter from Charles, Duke of Guelders, to King Henri IV of France. Expressing anger at a deception. Carnew, June 25 1534. French, deciphered.

f. 50r-50v: Letter from Nicholas Olahus, secretary to the King of Hungary, to Mary, Queen of Hungary. Professing his duty and gratitude for her kind treatment. Audomar, September 25 1534. Latin.

ff. 51r-52v: Sentence of the ‘scoute’ of the town of Barrow, against Henry Johnson, alias Trappe. For speaking injuriously against King Edward VI. September 15 1534.

f. 53r-53v: Letter from Thomas Legh, possibly to Stephen Vaughan. On the death of Mr Hackett, and the state of his affairs. Antwerp, November 6 1534.

ff. 54r-56v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan to Thomas Cromwell. Concerning marts to be held at Barrow, and some debts of Mr Hackett. Brussels, December 13 1534.

ff. 57r-58v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan to Thomas Cromwell. Concerning the claims made by Bernardo de Pighly upon the late Mr Hackett, and reporting that an emissary of the Emperor has arrived at Galloway. Antwerp, December 24 1534.

f. 59r-59v: Letter from the Archbishop of Palermo, possibly Jean Carondelet, to Thomas Cromwell. Concerning the affairs of Mr Hackett. Brussels, December 31 1534. French.

ff. 60r-62v: Copy of the above instructions (ff. 12r-16v). French.

f. 63r-63v: Letter from Jehan de Tobar, a magistrate of Gravelines, possibly to Stephen Vaughan. Concerning two English men detained in his town for selling books by Martin Luther. March 24 1535. French.

f. 64r-64v: Letter from William Lock to King Henry VIII. Sending intelligence concerning negociations with France. Antwerp, July 20 1535.

f. 65r-65v: Letter from Antonio Drumaldi, possibly to William Cecil. Concerning some demands, and sending intelligence on the taking of Goletta and the meeting of the two queens at Cambray. Antwerp, August 24 1535. Italian.

ff. 66r-67v: Letter from Thomas Poyntz to his brother John Poyntz. Sending intelligence on William Tyndale. Antwerp, August 25 1535.

f. 68r-68v: Letter from Robert Flegge to Thomas Cromwell. Reporting on his forwarding of two letters from Cromwell, one to the marquess of Barrow, the other to the Archbishop of Palermo. Antwerp, September 22 1535.

ff. 69r-70v: An unsigned letter, possibly in the hand of Robert Flegge, perhaps to Thomas Cromwell. Reporting a sermon preached by a friar, in which he denied the legality of Henry VIII's marriage with Ann Boleyn, and the friar's recantation on the interference of the writer. [1535].

ff. 71r-72v: Letter from one R.N. to Thomas Cromwell. Sending intelligence on the court of Brussels, and on the motions of the German princes. March 25 [1536].

f. 73r-73v: Letter from one Thornton to an unnamed lord. Sending intelligence concerning some errands to Rome, and the Emperor’s affairs. Relating to affairs in Scotland. Antwerp, May 24 1536.

f. 74r-74v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan to an unnamed recipient. Sending intelligence from the court of Brussels. May 29 [1534].

f. 75r-75v: Proposal or ordinance of Mary, Queen of Hungary. For a truce with Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. St. Omer, July 30 1537. French.

f. 76r-76v: Ordinance of Mary, Queen of Hungary. For a truce with France. St. Omer, July 30 1537. French.

f. 77r-77v: Letter from Robert Constable to Thomas Cromwell. Expressing his dissatisfaction with Roger Gray, and sending intelligence on the Emperor and the Pope. [August 1536].

f. 78r-78v: Instructions given by Mary, Queen of Hungary, to George Desplechem. On his dispatch to one de Bures, admiral, to deliberate concerning some outrages committed by the English on imperial vessels. November [29] 1536. French.

f. 79r-79v: Letter from John Coke to Thomas Cromwell. Reporting on the dispatch of Griffith Aphowell from Scotland, the refusal he receives, and his imprisonment. Antwerp, December 9 [1533].

f. 80r-80v: Letter from Mary, Queen of Hungary, to one Chassreys, English ambassador to the Imperial court. On behalf of a Flemish captain mistreated by English mariners. Brussels, May 26 1537. French.

f. 81r-81v: Letter from one Battista Ferrar to an unknown recipient. Sending intelligence concerning an Italian alliance against the Turkish forces. Antwerp, March 1 1538. Italian.

ff. 82r-84v: Letter from John Over to his brother John Demock Drapp. Concerning a bargain over gunpowder and arquebuses, and sending intelligence. Antwerp, March 16 1538.

f. 85r-85v: Letter from Hernando Villanuova to an unnamed recipient. Louvain, June 14 1538. Spanish.

f. 86r-86v: Letter from Hieron Dazambuto to Hernando Villanuova. Louvain, June 12 1538. Spanish.

f. 87r-87v: Letter from one Sanmillan to Alvarez de Bosmediana, in the Sorbonne at Paris. Louvain, June 22 1538. Spanish.

ff. 88r-89v: Letter from Battista Ferrar, possibly to Guillaume Ponizo, or in his absence to the Lord Privy Seal. Sending intelligence about private negotiations at Brussels. Brussels, July 22 1538.

f. 90r-90v: Letter from Thomas Tebold to Thomas Cranmer. Sending intelligence on the meeting at Cambray. Antwerp, July 31 [1535].

ff. 91r-92v: Two letters from William Locke to King Henry VIII and an unnamed lord. Concerning the wool trade, and sending intelligence. Antwerp, August 7 1538.

ff. 93r-94v: Letter from Battista Ferrar to Guillaume Ponizo. Sending intelligence on the war against Turkey. Brussels, September 7 1538. Italian.

ff. 95r-97v: Two letters from Floris, Count de Buren, to Thomas Cromwell and King Henry VIII. The former sending compliments and the latter recommending Michael Mercator. Brussels, October 15 1538. Latin.

f. 98r-98v: Letter from Edward Carne, possibly to Thomas Cromwell. Reporting his journey to Brussels to meet Mary, Queen of Hungary, on her return from an interview with the King of France. Valentia, October 25 1538.

ff. 99r-102v: Two papers of intelligence from Antwerp. 8 and 17 March 1539/40.

f. 103r-103v: Letter from John Mason, possibly to Thomas Cromwell. Complaining of impediments during his journey, and reporting on some matters between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the King of France. Ghent, April 2 [1539].

f. 104r-104v: Two papers of intelligence from Antwerp. 16 April 1539.

f. 105r-105v: Letter from William Claye to an unknown correspondent. Sending intelligence concerning Cardinal Pole. Antwerp, April 10 1539.

ff. 106r-118v: Nine papers of intelligence from Antwerp. April 11, 19, 19, and 23, May 11 and 26, and July 2 1539.

ff. 119r-120v: Letter from Thomas Tebold to Thomas Cranmer. On private concerns, and his visit to some friends at Louvain. Antwerp, July 31 [1535].

ff. 121r-122v: Three papers of advice from Antwerp. September 23 and 18 1539.

f. 123r-123v: Letter from John Aborough of Calais to Thomas Cromwell. Sending intelligence concerning shipping. Antwerp, March 3 [1540].

f. 124r-124v: Articles of intelligence from Antwerp. March 13, 16, 17 and 18, Venice, February 24 and Rome, February 26 [1540].

f. 125r-125v: Passport issued to Dr Pate on his dispatch to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, as ambassador. Signed by Thomas Cromwell. London, April 9 [1540].

ff. 126r-140v: Articles of intelligence from Antwerp. English and Latin. 1540.

ff. 141r-142v: Letter from Thomas Wriothesley to Thomas Cromwell. Apologising for not writing, and sending intelligence. Brussels, December 18 [1539].

ff. 143r-144v: Letter from one Parker to an unknown recipient. Sending intelligence, chiefly concerning the proceedings of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Brussels, April 14 [1540].

f. 145r-145v: Letter from Anthony Spinelly to King Henry VIII. On his needs, and requesting a reimbursement. July 2 [1515]. French.

f. 146r-147v: Letter from Thomas Wriothesley, Stephen Vaughan, and Edward Carne to King Henry VIII. Reporting their return from Compiegne, and the motions of the King of France and Queen of Hungary following their interview. Valenciennes, October 25 [1541].

f. 148r-148v: Letter from Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, to King Henry VIII. On the dismissal of some of the King’s troops. French, in Charles’s hand.

f. 149r-149v: Letter from Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, to King Henry VIIIL. Recommending Raphael Biston, an English man, who is leaving his service. Bourgues, May 10 [1524]. French.

ff. 150r-154v: Commissions of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and King Henry VIII. For concluding a treaty of peace and intercourse. With ratifications of the treaty. 1542.

f. 155r-155v: Letter from Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, to John Russell, Earl of Bedford. Sending credentials in favour of Francis Vanderdelst and Eustace Chapuys, ambassadors to England. Brussels, November 26 1544.

ff. 156r-163v: Peace treaty between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and King Henry VIII. Latin. 1543.

ff. 164r-181v: Treaty between England and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. 1545.

ff. 182r-183v: ‘Articles passés sur le Traité susdit, par le Sr. Paget, le 6 Avril, 1545’.

f. 184r-184v: Letter from the Privy Council to the ambassadors in the Low Countries. Sending a book concerning an affair between Mr Forman and one Petwell, to be communicated to the Lady Regent. Greenwich, June 22 1545.

ff. 185r-187v: Letter from the Privy Council to the ‘commissioners for the diet’. Concerning negotiations at Calais. Dartford, June 24 1545.

ff. 188r-191v: ‘Articuli, damna, et gravamina quos Matis Angliae subditi passi sunt, contra diversos tractatus inter reges Angliae et Imperatores; et quos oratores R. Henrici VIII. Caes. Matis commissariis dant et exhibent’. Brussels, April 6 1545.

ff. 192r-195v: ‘Ad respondendum articulis 8, missis ad Dom. Jasparem Duchi, et per Johannem Moys visitatis’. A declaration made at Antwerp.

ff. 196r-196v: ‘Responsa ad generalia gravamina, per regis Angliae commissarios proposita’.

f. 197r-197v: ‘Extractus ex libro juris Thelonei Dni nostri principis (Caesaris) apud Antverpiam’.

ff. 198r-199v: ‘Responsa ad articulos 25 et 26 gravaminum’. For another copy, see above (ff. 196r-196v).

ff. 199r-202v: ‘Querelae particulares aliquot subditorum regis Angliae; a commissariis praef. regis ad commissos Caes. Matis pro dieta Caleti et Gravelingae tenenda, mense Maij 1545, transmissae’.

ff. 203r-204v: ‘Responsa Cesareae majestatis deputatuum, ad querelas particulares per Reg. Angliae deputatos exhibitas’.

ff. 205r-209v: ‘Aliae querelae particulares, subditorum regis Angliae, Commissiis Caesareis exhibitae’.

ff. 210r-211v: ‘Responsa Commissarior. Caesaris, ad querelas particulares per Commissos regis Angliae, die 4 Julij, exhibitas’.

ff. 212r-215v: ‘Cesareae Matis commissarior. responsa, generalibus querelis oratorum Ser. Angliae regis, sub compendio redacta’. 16 July 1545.

ff. 216r-220v: ‘Responsa commissarior. Ser. regis Angliae, ad gravamina exhibita per Cesareae Matis commissarios’.

ff. 221r-222v: ‘Probationes gravaminum, per regis Angliae commissarios exhibitarum’.

f. 223r-233v: ‘Quoad querelas exhibitas per mercatores stapulae’.

f. 224r-224v: ‘Quantum attinet ad responsa data ad generales querelas commissariorum Cesareae Matis’. 16 July 1545.

ff. 225r-226v: ‘Querelae mercatorum extraneorum, ut Januensium, &c. de gravaminibus quae a vicecomitibus, &c. civitatis Londinensis sunt perpessi. Item responsa collectorum contrarotulator. et supervisor. portis Londinensis, ad easdem querelas’.

ff. 227r-228v: Letter from the Privy Council to Thomas Thirleby, Bishop of Westminster, Sir William Petre, Sir Edward Vaughan and others, being the commissioners for the diet at Calais. Allowing them to reside at Gravelines, and discussing Jasper Douche's affair. St James, May 18 1545.

ff. 229r-230v: Letter from the Privy Council to Thomas Thirleby, Bishop of Westminster, Sir William Petre, Sir Edward Vaughan and others, being the commissioners for the diet at Calais. Concerning information to be issued regarding customs in the port of London, and reporting that King Henry VIII permits them to remove from Gravelines. Greenwich, July 2 1545.

ff. 231r-233v: Letter from the commissioners for the diet at Calais to King Henry VIII. Reporting on their proceedings. Burborough, July 16 1545.

ff. 232r-233v: Copy of the above letter (ff. 185r-187v) from the Privy Council. June 24 1545.

ff. 234r-241v: Copies of three letters from the commissioners for the diet at Calais to King Henry VIII. 1545.

ff. 242r-243v: Letter from Thomas Thirleby, Bishop of Westminster and Sir William Petre to Nicholas Wotton. Concerning the proceedings at the diet. June 27 1545.

f. 244r-244v: Protestation of the Bishop of Winchester, possibly Stephen Gardiner. Concerning a subsidy. Latin.

ff. 245r-246v: Depositions of several people, concerning the port duties levied in London on the subjects of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Antwerp, July 21 1545 and July 30 [1546].

ff. 247r-248v: Considerations of the imperial commissioners concerning an exchequer process. Titled ‘In negocio Jocalium’. 1545.

f. 249r-249v: ‘Replicatio commiss. Caes. Matis ad responsum commiss. R. Angliae, super sexto articulo particularium querelarum, exhibitum’. July 1545.

ff. 250r-252v: ‘Les extorcions et domages que les marchans Espagnols ont reçu des Anglois’. July 1545.

f. 253r-253v: ‘Articuli quos Caes. Matas tractatui cum Ser. rege Angliae novissime celebrato, adjici et inseri cupit’. November 12 1545.

f. 254r-254v: Articles concerning the negotiations at Burbourg. Latin.

ff. 255r-259v: Paper containing articles of the negotiations at Burbourg. Including observations and answers. Antwerp, November 28 1545. Latin.

f. 260r-260v: Letter from the English commissioners in Flanders to an unnamed recipient. Reporting on conferences relating to the diet of Burbourg. Antwerp, November 31 1545.

f. 261r-261v: Answer given to an article of complaint made by the staple merchants in Calais, concerning the export of coin.

ff. 262r-271v: Declaration of the price of cockets paid by merchants strangers. Including reports on customs.

ff. 272r-273v: ‘Gravamina per oratores Caesaris, oratoribus regis Angliae exhibita Burburgiae’.

ff. 274r-283v: ‘Querelae generales subditorum Caesareae Majtis’. 1545. French.

ff. 284r-287v: ‘Damna et gravamina quaedam, quae regis Angliae oratores, Caes. Matis oratoribus exhibuerunt’. Brussels, 6 April 1545. Another copy is above (ff. 188r-191v).

ff. 288r-294v: Transcript of the ‘querelae particulares’, as above (ff. 199r-202v), but expanded.

ff. 295r-300v: Copy of the above ‘Responsa commissarior. Ser. regis Angliae’ (ff. 216r-220v), slightly different. No date.

f. 301r-301v: ‘Responsa mercatorum stapulae, ad querelas contra eos propositas’.

ff. 302r-303v: ‘Aucunes des querelles proposées par les sujets de l'Empereur, contre aucuns griefs que leur font été inferez en Angleterre’.

ff. 304r-305v: ‘Responsa commisssariorum regis Angliae, ad querelas particulares, exhibitas per magnif. dom. commissarios Caesareae Majtis inter alia, de negotio Jocalium’. See above (f. 249r-249v).

ff. 306r-313v: ‘Aucunes querelles particulieres, proposées de la part d'aucuns sujets de l'Empereur, touchant plusiers griefs à eux inferés par les officiers et sujets du Roy d'Angleterre’.

f. 314r: ‘Responsa commissar. Reg. Angliae, ad particulares querelas secundo et tertio loco datas per Cesareae Matis deputatos’.

ff. 314v-315v: ‘Declaratio partium nonnullarum mercium, vinorum, pannorum, et aliorum id genus bonorum, quae Anglici occupant, et vi accepterunt Hispanis mercatoribus navigio mare transeuntibus’.

f. 316r-316v: ‘Memoire de ce que Seb. Franco demande comme procureur des parties surnants (suivantes?) dont il a presenté les requetes es mains de Messrs. les commissaires’.

ff. 317r-326v: ‘Replicatio ad articulum secundum querelarum particularium, per Caes. Matis Commiss. exhibitas, de navibus et mercibus quorundam Hispanorum in Anglia immerito arrestatis. Item "Duplicatio" ad eandem replicationem; ubi etiam de aliis querelarum articulis fuse disceptatur’.

f. 327r-327v: Copy of the declaration above (ff. 192r-195v).

ff. 328r-331v: Copy of two documents above (ff. 179r-199v).

f. 332r-332v: ‘Querelae majoris et societatis stapulae villae Calisiae’.

f. 333r-333v: ‘Responsa commiss. Caesareae Matis ad querelas majoris et societatis stapulae Calesiensis’.

ff. 334r-339: Copy of the articles above (ff. 203r-204v; ff. 210r-211v; ff. 212r-215v), the second slightly different.

ff. 340r-344v: ‘Dilucidatio tractatus perpetuae pacis habitae Trajecti, inter Henricum VIII. et Carolum V’. January 16 1546/7.

ff. 345r-347v: Two letters from John Hutton to the Lord Privy Seal, possibly Thomas Cromwell. Expressing gratitude and containing intelligence on the Duke of Guelders, and the murder of Alexander de Medicis by his cousin Laurence. Brussels, January 25 and 29 [1538].

f. 348r-348v: Letter from the governor of Dover Castle to an unnamed lord. Reporting armaments in Holland, and the state of his garrison. Dover, Good Friday.

ff. 349r-350v: Letter from John Hutton to King Henry VIII. Reporting on negotiations over Cardinal Pole. Brussels, May 30 [1537].

f. 351r-351v: Letter from John Hutton, possibly to Thomas Cromwell. Sending intelligence concerning the Lady Regent’s visit to Lisle, and the armaments of the Turkish and Venetian forces. June 4 [1537].

f. 352r-352v: Receipt from Anthony Fugger and company, for 152,000 livres, received from King Henry VIII. Antwerp, September 24 1546. Latin.

f. 353r-353v: Letter from Stephen Vaughan, possibly to Thomas Cromwell. Sending intelligence about the Queen of Hungary's coolness after her interview with the King of France, and some requests. Brussels, November 20 [1538].

ff. 354r-357v: Draft letter to Stephen Vaughan, possibly from Thomas Cromwell. Concerning a book sent by William Tyndale to King Henry VIII, of which the King disapproves. Also on bring over Frith from his errors. [May 1531].

ff. 358r-361v: Draft letter from the Privy Council to King Henry VIII. Reporting a negotiation they held with the Imperial ambassadors concerning a treaty. [1537].