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Harley MS 3000

Record Id:

040-002048831

Hierarchy Root Ancestor Record Id:

040-002048831

MDARK:

ark:/81055/vdc_100000000761.0x000122

LARK:

SLARK:

Format:

ISAD(G)

Reference (shelfmark):

Harley MS 3000

Title:

Book of Hours, Use of Sarum, and Psalter; Augustine, Contra Epistolam Manichæi Quam Vocant Fundamentum

Scope & Content:

This composite manuscript consists of two parts.

Part 1 (ff. 2-271) is a Book of Hours made in the Southern Netherlands for the English market between c. 1460 and c. 1470.

Part 2 (ff. 272v-277r) is a letter by Augustine against the Manichaeans that was copied in England in 1554.

Contents:

Part 1:

ff. 2r-13v: Calendar.

ff. 15r-19r: The Fifteen Oes, here entitled: 'Oracio devota ad Christum'.

ff. 21r-21v: Memoria of the Holy Trinity.

f. 21v: 'Psalmus David'

ff. 23r-23v: Memoria of St John the Baptist.

f. 25r: Memoria of St John the Evangelist.

f. 25v: Prayer for the Guardian Angel ('Oracio ad proprium angelum').

f. 27r: Memoria of St George.

ff. 29r-29v: Memoria of St Christopher.

ff. 31r-31v: Memoria of St Thomas Becket.

f. 33r: Memoria of St Clement; perhaps indicating a connection with a church or trade guild association; Clement was the patron of the London Bakers (see Rogers, ‘Patrons and Purchasers' (2000), pp. 1167-68.

ff. 35r-35v: Memoria of St Anne.

ff. 37r-37v: Memoria of St Mary Magdalene.

ff. 39r-39v: Memoria of St Katherine of Alexandria.

ff. 41r-41v: Memoria of St Barbara.

f. 43r: Memoria of St Margaret.

ff. 45r-81v: The Hours of the virgin Mary; ending with a prayer entitled: 'Oracio devota contra pestilenciam'.

ff. 83r-86v: Verse prayer to the Virgin Mary on the words of the Salve Regina, with an introdcutory rubric: ‘Has videas laudes qui sacra virgine gaudes et venerando piam studeas laudare mariam virginis intacte cum veneris ante figuram Pretereundo cave ut taceatur ave invenies veniam sic salutando mariam', beginning: 'Salve virgo virginum stellla matutina’.

ff. 86v-87v: O Intemerata.

ff. 87v-89r: Obsecro te.

ff. 90r-91v: Prayers to the Seven Joys of the Virgin Mary, with an introductory rubric: 'Quicumque hec septem gaudia in honore beate marie virginis semel in die dixerit centum dies indulgenciam obtinebit a domino papa clemente qui hec septem gaudia proprio stilo composuit', beginning: 'Virgo templum trinitatis deus summe bonitatis'.

ff. 93r-95v: Short prayers to the Holy Face, the Cross, Wounds in Christ's head, hands and feet, the Five Wounds, the image of the Virgin Mary, St John the Evangelist,

ff. 95v-97v: Bede's prayer on the Seven Last Words of Christ (with an introductory rubric).

ff. 97v-98r: Prayers to the Eucharist ('Ad Sacrosanctum sacramentum altaris'), beginning: 'Ave domine ihesu Christe verbum patris filius viringis angus dei'.

ff. 98r-98v: Prayers to the Eucharist ('Ad Sacrosanctum sacramentum'), beginning: 'Ave verum corpus'.

f. 98v: Prayer for the Elevation with an introductory rubric: 'Cuilibet dicenti hanc orationem inter elevationem corporis Christi et tercium agnus dei dominus papa bonefacius sextus concessit duo milia annorum indulgenciarum ad supplicationem Philippi regis francie'), beginning: 'Domine ihesu Christe qui hanc sacratissimam carnem tuam et pretiosum sanguinem tuum de gloriose virginis marie utero assumpsisti'.

ff. 100r-106r: The Seven Penitential Psalms.

ff. 106r-110v: Litany of Saints; followed by prayers to God.

ff. 112r-127r: The Office of the Dead.

ff. 129r-137v: The Commendation of Souls.

ff. 139r-142r: The Psalms of the Passion.

ff. 142v-151v: The Psalter of St Jerome (introduced by a long rubric).

ff. 1152r-260v: The Psalter.

ff. 260v-271r: Canticles.

Part 2:

ff. 272v-277r: Augustine, Contra Epistolam Manichæi Quam Vocant Fundamentum, written on versos, with the English translation on rectos, entitled: 'Verba divi Augustini in quarto et quinto capite libri sui quem inscripsit contra epistolam Manichei quam vocavit fundamenti'.

Decoration:

Part 1:

12 calendar miniatures in 2 compartments, showing the Labours of the Month and the Signs of the Zodiac, in colours and gold (ff. 2r-13v). 8 full-page miniatures facing 8 half-page miniatures with large decorated initials, in colours and gold, for the Hours of the Virgin (ff. 44v-45r, 50v-51r, 60v-61r, 64v-65r, 67v-68r, 70v-71r, 73v-74r, 76v-77r). 22 full-page miniatures facing large decorated initials, with full foliate borders, in colours and gold (ff. 14v, 20v, 22v, 24v, 26v, 28v, 30v, 32v, 34v, 36v, 38v, 40v, 42v, 44v, 82v, 89v, 92v, 99v, 111v, 128v, 138v, 143v). 8 half-page miniatures with full foliate borders, in colours and gold, for Psalm divisions (ff. 152r, 168v, 179r, 189r, 199r, 212r, 223v, 236r); 1 full-page miniature perhaps excised after f. 151r. 17 large historiated initials, in colours and gold, for suffrages and prayers (ff. 55v, 56v, 57r [x2], 57v [x2], 58r, 59r, 93r, 93v [x2], 94r [x2], 94v [x2], 95r [x2]). 1 large decorated initial, in colours and gold, for a prayer (f. 96). Large and small initials in gold on red and blue grounds. Small initials in gold with blue pen-flourishing or in blue with red pen-flourishing. Capital letters highlighted in yellow.

By the same artist who worked on Chicago, Newberry Library, MS 35 (see Rogers, 'Patrons and Purchasers' (2002), pp. 1167-68). Attributed to the Mildmay Master (see Backhouse, Illumination from Books of Hours (2004), fig. 36).

The subject of the full-page miniatures are as follows:

f. 14v: Christ enthroned, holding a book inscribed: 'Ego sum via, veritas et vita'.

f. 20v: The Throne of Mercy or Gnadenstuhl.

f. 22v: St John the Baptist.

f. 24v: St John the Evangelist.

f. 26v: St George.

f. 28v: St Christopher.

f. 30v: St Thomas Becket.

f. 32v: St Clement.

f. 34v: Virgin and Child with St Anne.

f. 36v: St Mary Magdalene.

f. 38v: St Katherine.

f. 40v: St Barbara.

f. 42v: St Margaret.

f. 44r: Agony in the Garden.

f. 56v: Arrest of Christ.

f. 60v: Christ before Pilate.

f. 64v: Flagellation of Christ.

f. 67v: Christ carrying the Cross, supported by the Virgin Mary.

f. 70v: Christ on the Cross with Mary and St John below.

f. 76v: The Entombment of Christ.

f. 73v: The Deposition of Christ.

f. 82v: Coronation of the Virgin Mary.

f. 92v: The Temptation conflating Christ on the Cross and the Tree of Knowledge.

f. 138v: Christ as Man of Sorrows with the Instruments of the Passion.

f. 89v: The Presentation of the the Virgin Mary.

f. 99v: The Last Judgment.

f. 111v: The Resurrection of Lazarus.

f. 128v: Angels carrying souls to heaven.

f. 138v: Man of Sorrows.

f. 143v: St Jerome and the Lion.

The subjects of the half-page miniatures are as follows: f. 45r: The Annunciation.

f. 51r: The Visitation.

f. 61r: The Nativity.

f. 65r: Annunciation to the Shepherds.

f. 68r: The Three Magi.

f. 71r: Presentation of Christ in the temple.

f. 74r: The Massacre of the Innocents.

f. 77r: Flight in to Egypt.

f. 152r: King David with harp kneeling in prayer before God

f. 168v: King David kneeling before God.

f. 179r: King David kneeling before God.

f. 189r: King David and the Fool.

f. 199r: King David with hands in prayer and submerged in water.

f. 212r: King David playing the carillon.

f. 223v: Monks reading or singing from a book on a lectern.

f. 236r: The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

The subjects of the historiated initials are as follows:

f. 55v: Dove of the Holy Spirit.

f. 56v: St Michael the Archangel.

f. 57r: St Peter and St Paul.

f. 57r: St Andrew.

f. 57v: St Stephen.

f. 57v: St Lawrence.

f. 58r: St Nicholas.

f. 59r: All Saints.

f. 93r: Cross of Christ.

f. 93v: Christ's head.

f. 93v: The Wound in Christ's right hand.

f. 94r: The Wound in Christ's left hand.

f. 94r: The Five Wounds.

f. 94v: The Wound in Christ's right foot.

f. 94v: The Wound in Christ's left foot.

f. 95r: The Pietà.

f. 95r: St John the Evangelist.

Part 2:

2 small decorated initials with foliate extensions into the margins, in colours and gold (f. 272v). Heraldic arms (ff. 45r, 68r, 99r, 111r, 137v, 151v, 271r, 277r).

Collection Area:

Western Manuscripts

Project / Collection:

Harley Collection

Hierarchy Tree:

[{ "id" : "040-002048831", "parent" : "#", "text" : "Harley MS 3000: Book of Hours, Use of Sarum, and Psalter; Augustine, Contra Epistolam Manichæi Quam Vocant Fundamentum" , "li_attr" : {"class": "orderable"} }]

Hierarchy Record Ids:

032-002045828
040-002048831

Is part of:

Harley MS 1-7661 : Harley Manuscripts

Harley MS 3000 : Book of Hours, Use of Sarum, and Psalter; Augustine, Contra Epistolam Manichæi Quam Vocant Fundamentum

Hierarchy:

032-002045828[3001]/040-002048831

Container:

View / search within Archive / Collection: Harley MS 1-7661

Record Type (Level):

File

Extent:

1 volume

Digitised Content:

Languages:

English
Latin

Scripts:

Latin

Start Date:

1455

End Date:

1554

Date Range:

c 1460-1554

Era:

Access:

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User Conditions:

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Physical Characteristics:

Materials: Parchment.

Dimensions: 220 x 140 mm (text space: 125 x 80 mm [Part 1]; and 185 x 80 mm [Part 2]).

Foliation: ff. 277 (+ 3 unfoliated paper flyleaves at the beginning + 1 unfoliated medieval parchment flyleaf and 3 unfoliated paper flyleaves at the end); f. 1 is a parchment leaf that originally served as a flyleaf.

Script: Gothic [Part 1]; Humanistic and Gothic cursive [Part 2].

Binding: British Museum in-house; gold-tooled brown leather; rebound on 13 February 1963; gilt and gauffered edges.

Custodial History:

Origin:

Southern Netherlands (Part 1); England (Part 2).

Provenance:

Unidentified original owner: their overpainted arms on ff. 45r and 68r.

Unidentified (?) 16th century owner: their erased ownership inscription on f. 1r.

Edward (b. c. 1504, d. 1564) 1st baron North, the son of a London merchant, by 1554: inscribed with his name 'Edwardus : Dominus : North', partly with his motto 'Serva Fidem', and his arms, added in spaces and painted over those of the original owner on ff. 45r, 68r, 99r, 111r, 137v, 151v, 271r, 277r (see Wright, Fontes Harleiani (1972), p. 258).

The Harley Collection, formed by Robert Harley (b. 1661, d. 1724), 1st earl of Oxford and Mortimer, politician, and Edward Harley (b. 1689, d. 1741), 2nd earl of Oxford and Mortimer, book collector and patron of the arts. Edward Harley bequeathed the library to his widow, Henrietta Cavendish, née Holles (b. 1694, d. 1755) during her lifetime and thereafter to their daughter, Margaret Cavendish Bentinck (b. 1715, d.1785), duchess of Portland; the manuscripts were sold by the Countess and the Duchess in 1753 to the nation for £10,000 (a fraction of their contemporary value) under the Act of Parliament that also established the British Museum; the Harley manuscripts form one of the foundation collections of the British Library.

Publications:

A Catalogue of the Harleian Manuscripts in the British Museum, 4 vols (London: Eyre and Strahan, 1808-12), II, p. 724 (no. 3000).

Walter de Gray Birch and Henry Jenner, Early Drawings and Illuminations: An Introduction to the Study of Illustrated Manuscripts (London: Bagster and Sons, 1879), p. 16.

Christopher Wordsworth and Henry Littlehales, The Old Service-Books of the English Church, 2nd edn (London: Methuen, 1910), pp. 111, 113, 252.

James H. Marrow, ‘The Pembroke Psalter-Hours’, in 'Als Ich Can': Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, ed. by Bert Cardon and others, 2 vols (Paris: Peeters, 2002), pp. 861-902 (p. 883 n. 23).

Nicolas Rogers, ‘Patrons and Purchasers: Evidence for the Original Owners of Books of Hours Produced in the Low Countries for the English Market’ in 'Als Ich Can': Liber Amicorum in Memory of Professor Dr. Maurits Smeyers, ed. by Bert Cardon and others, 2 vols (Paris: Uitgeverij Peeters, 2002), pp. 1165-81 (pp. 1167-68, pl. 1).

Janet Backhouse, Illumination from Books of Hours (London: British Library, 2004), fig. 36.

Material Type:

Archives and Manuscripts

Legal Status:

Not Public Record(s)

Names:

Augustine of Hippo, Saint, Bishop of Hippo, 354-430,
   see also http://isni.org/isni/0000000121376443,
   see also http://viaf.org/viaf/66806872
Bede the Venerable, Saint, c 673-735,
   see also http://isni.org/isni/0000000120962352,
   see also http://viaf.org/viaf/61539765

Places:

England
Southern Netherlands