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Add MS 47672

Record Id:

040-002104020

Hierarchy Root Ancestor Record Id:

032-002104019

MDARK:

ark:/81055/vdc_100000000173.0x00018d

LARK:

SLARK:

Format:

ISAD(G)

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Add MS 47672

Title:

Bible ('The Bible of Antipope Clement VII')

Scope & Content:

This Bible in Latin ('Bible of Antipope Clement VII') is large and lavishly illuminated and was likely produced in Naples c. 1330. The manuscript apparently later belonged to the Antipope Clement VII (Robert of Geneva), elected 1378, d. 1394; his coat of arms appears 28 times within the manuscript.

Contents:

ff. 1r-4v: St Jerome's prologue to the Vulgate

ff. 4v-94r: Octateuch

ff. 94r-140r: Kings

ff. 140r-163v: Paralipomenon

ff. 163v-187r: 1-5 Esdras

ff. 187r-190v: Tobias

ff. 190v-195v: Judith

ff. 195v-200r: Esther

ff. 200r-211v: Job

ff. 211v-233r: Psalms

ff. 233r-241r: Proverbs

ff. 241r-244r: Ecclesiastes

ff. 244r-245v: Song of Songs

ff. 245v-251r: Wisdom

ff. 251r-266v: Ecclesiasticus

ff. 266v-357r: Prophets

ff. 357r-376v: Maccabees

ff. 377r-419r: Gospels

ff. 419r-448r: Pauline Epistles

ff. 448r-461r: Acts

ff. 461r-466v: Catholic Epistles

ff. 466v-473v: Revelation

ff. 474-503: Interpretation of Hebrew Names, usually attributed to Bede

Decoration:

147 small bas-de-page miniatures and numerous large historiated initials at the beginning of books, in colours and gold. Numerous small historiated and foliate initials throughout, in colours and gold. Full, three-sided and partial bar borders throughout, embellished with foliage in colours and gold . 11 folia (4, 15, 37, 75, 357, 371, 379, 406, 417-419) are partially or substantially replaced, and in each case an attempt has been made to copy the script and marginal decoration of the original. A coat of arms, possibly that of the original owner, once occurred at several points in the Bible, but each has been obliterated by the insertion of the arms of the Anti-Pope Clement VII, nine pieces or and azure.

2 full-page miniatures in colours and gold incorporating text were added to the front of the volume in the mid-16th century, probably in Italy (ff. v v and vi r).

Collection Area:

Western Manuscripts

Project / Collection:

Additional Manuscripts

Hierarchy Record Ids:

032-002104019
040-002104020

Is part of:

Add MS 47672-47683 : HOLKHAM HALL MANUSCRIPTS.MSS. 47672-47683 formed part of the Library of the Earls of Leicester at Holkham Hall, Norfolk.…

Add MS 47672 : Bible ('The Bible of Antipope Clement VII')

Hierarchy:

032-002104019[0013]/040-002104020

Container:

View / search within Archive / Collection: Add MS 47672-47683

Record Type (Level):

File

Extent:

Parchment codex

Digitised Content:

http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_47672 (digital images currently unavailable)

Thumbnail:

Languages:

Latin

Scripts:

Latin

Start Date:

1325

End Date:

1335

Date Range:

c 1330

Era:

Access:

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Physical Characteristics:

Dimensions: 360 x 240 mm (text space 250 x 160 mm) in two columns.

Foliation: ff. ix + 503. Folios iii-viii are parchment flyleaves; folios i and ix are two unfoliated modern leather flyleaves with gold tooling; folio ii is an unfoliated modern paper flyleaf.

Script: Gothic.

Binding: Post-1600. Blue velvet, with doublures of gold-tooled cream morocco, by J. Jones of Liverpool (before 1816).

Custodial History:

Origin: Italy, South (Naples).

Provenance:

An unknown Angevin courtier (c. 1330): partial coat of arms visible under the later arms of Clement VII (Fleck, The Clement Bible (2010), pp. 81-85).

Raymond de Gramat, first bishop-abbott of Monte Cassino (elected 1326, d. 1340): listed in an inventory of his possessions after his death (Fleck, The Clement Bible (2010), p. 85).

Papal library in Avignon, 1340: listed in an inventory of goods taken from Monte Cassino after Raymond de Gramat's death through 'right of spoil' by Anti-Pope Benedict XII (elected 1334, d. 1342) (Fleck, The Clement Bible (2010), p. 85).

Anti-Pope Clement VII (elected 1378, d. 1394): his arms, 28 times.

Anti-Pope Benedict XIII (elected 1394, d. 1422) in Avignon: listed in three inventories taken during his reign (c. 1405, c. 1407, and c. 1408) (Fleck, The Clement Bible (2010), p. 263).

Anti-Pope Clement VIII (elected 1423, abdicated 1429) in Peñiscola: listed in two inventories taken during his reign (1423 and 1424) (Fleck, The Clement Bible (2010), p. 263).

Alfonso V the Magnanimous, king of Aragon (1416-1458), and as Alfonso I of Naples (1442-1458), in Valencia and then Naples: gifted to him by Anti-Pope Clement VIII in 1424 (Fleck, The Clement Bible (2010), pp. 266-269).

Madame Jobé: wrote two letters to librarians in Rouen in 1788 enquiring about the manuscript's value (these are published in Dorez, Les manuscrits à peintures (1908), pp. 44-50).

William Roscoe (b. 1753, d. 1831), MP, abolitionist, historian, collector: purchased the manuscript from Madame Jobé in Rouen, at some point after 1788 and before 1816; listed in a sales catalogue by Thomas Winstanley in 1816, 'Catalogue of the Very Select and Very Valuable Library of William Roscoe, Esq' (Liverpool, 19 August 1816), lot 1810 (Dorez, Les manuscrits à peintures (1908), pp. 44-50).

Thomas William Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester (b. 1754, d. 1842), politician and agricultural reformer: inscription in his hand: 'This splendid Manuscript was purchased at Mr Roscoe's sale by Thos Wilm Coke 1816'(f. i v). Later, in pencil: 'Holkham cat. no. 7' (f. iii r).

Purchased by the British Library in 1952.

Information About Copies:

Full digital coverage available for this manuscript: see Digital Manuscripts, http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts.

Publications:

Léon Dorez, Les manuscrits à peintures de la bibliothèque de Lord Leicester à Holkham Hall (Paris, 1908), pp. 44-60, pls XXX-XXXIX.

Derek Howard Turner, Reproductions from Illuminated Manuscripts, 5th series (London: British Museum, 1965), no. 23.

François Avril, 'Trois Manuscrits Napolitains des Collections de Charles V et de Jean de Berry', Bibliothèque de l'École des Chartes 127 (1969), pp. 291-328 (p. 317 n. 2.).

Alessandro Conti, La miniature Bolognese: Scuole e botteghe 1270-1340 (Bologna: ALFA, 1981), p. 44 n. 21.

The British Library Catalogue of Additions to the Manuscripts 1951-1955: Additional manuscripts 47,459-48,988 (London: British Library, 1982), no. 47672.

Richard Kenneth Emmerson and Suzanne Lewis, 'Census and Bibliography of Medieval Manuscripts containing Apocalypse Illustrations, ca. 800-1500 III', Traditio: Studies in Ancient and Medieval History, Thought and Religion 42 (1986), pp. 443-472, no. 139 [with additional bibliography].

Cathleen A. Fleck, 'Biblical Politics and the Neopolitan Bible of Anti-Pope Clement VII', Arte medievale (2002), pp. 71-90 [with additional bibliography].

Cathleen A. Fleck, 'When a Bible is not a Bible: the Meaning and Movement of the Bible of Anti-Pope Clement VII (British Library, MS. Add. 47672)', Word and Image 22 (2006), pp. 219-227, https://doi.org/10.1080/02666286.2006.10435750.

Andreas Bräm, Neapolitanische Bilderbibeln des Trecento: Anjou-Buchmalerei von Robert dem Weisen bis zu Johanna I, 2 vols. (Wisebaden, 2007), I, pp. 106-108, 406-407.

Scot McKendrick and Kathleen Doyle, Bible Manuscripts: 1400 Years of Scribes and Scripture (London: British Library, 2007), p. 113, fig. 100.

Sacred: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam and their Sacred Texts (London: British Library, 2007), p. 149. [exhibition catalogue].

Cathleen A. Fleck, The Clement Bible at the Medieval Courts of Naples and Avignon: A Story of Papal Power, Royal Prestige, and Patronage (Burlington: Ashgate, 2010).

Material Type:

Archives and Manuscripts

Legal Status:

Not Public Record(s)

Names:

Beda
Bede the Venerable, Saint, c 673-735,
see also http://isni.org/isni/0000000120962352,
see also http://viaf.org/viaf/61539765
Clement VII, Pope, 1478-1534
Coke, Thomas William, 1st Earl of Leicester of Holkham, 1754-1837
Jobé, Madame; of Rouen
Jones, John, bookbinder, of Liverpool
Roscoe, William, M.P. for Liverpool, historian, 1753-1831

Related Material:

From The British Library Catalogue of Additions to the Manuscripts 1951-1955 (1982):

'HOLKHAM HALL MSS. Vol. I (formerly MS. 7). BIBLE OF CLEMENT VII, in Latin, written and illuminated in Italy, perhaps in Tuscany; circ. 1330-1350. The MS. apparently later belonged to the Anti-Pope Clement VII (Robert of Geneva), elected 1378, d. 1394, from whom it takes its name. See Dorez, op. cit., and Reproductions from Illuminated Manuscripts, Series V, 1965, no. xxiii. The books of the Bible are in the following order: Octateuch, Kings, Chronicles, 1-4 Esdras, Tobias, Judith, Esther, Job, Psalms, Sapien- tial Books, Prophets, Maccabees, Gospels, Pauline Epistles, Acts, Catholic Epistles, Revelation. This approximates to S. Berger, Histoire de la Vulgate, 1893, p. 335, no. 94, rather than to the more usual no. 93. The manuscript also includes the Interpretation of Hebrew Names, usually attributed to Bede, ff. 474-503b. Vellum; ff. iv+503. 360 mm. X245 mm. Circ. 1330-1350. Regular gatherings of ten leaves, with catchwords, except xlvii13 (12, i.e. f. 472, a slightly later insertion or replacement, see below). Eleven leaves have been mutilated and partially replaced with late 16th cent. work, viz. ff. 4, 15, 37, 75, 357, 371, 379, 406, 417-419. Ruled and written fifty-six lines to the page in double columns. Sec. fol.: 'ego ut de me'. The manuscript is richly decorated throughout. Bar borders embellished with foliage appear on every page. Minor initials are executed in gold and colours. Each main division of the text is introduced by a large or medium- sized historiated initial combined in the case of the biblical books with one or more miniatures in lower margins forming a single series. St Jerome's prologues, and the argumenta, with the exception of the first, begin with medium sized initials each enclosing a depiction of the author, sometimes attired as a hermit, sometimes in ecclesiastical robes. These occur on ff. 3 b, 94, 140, 163 b (two), 187, 190 b, 195 b, 200, 200 b, 209 b (two), 210, 233 (two), 241, 245 b, 251 (two), 266 b, 267, 284 b, 306, 307 b, 310 b, 329 b, 337 b, 338 (four), 338 b, 341, 342, 342 b (two), 345, 346, 346 b, 348 (two), 349, 349 b (two), 350 b (two), 351 b, 352 b (two), 355 b, 356 (two), 357 (two), 357 b, 377 b (three), 378, 390, 397, 397 b, 409 b, 419 b, 420 (two), 425 (two), 430, 433, 434 b, 436, 437, 438 b, 439, 440 (two), 440 b, 441, 443, 443 b, 444, 448 (two), 460 b, 462 b, 463 b, 464, 466, 466 b, 467, 467 b. The major sequence of miniatures is as follows:-

1) Preface:-a) Initial F: Jerome and Damasus; scribes at work;-b) Margin: Aaron and Moses. f. 1.

(2) Genesis (opening page a later replacement):-Margin: the building of the tower of Babel. f. 7.

(3) Exodus:-a) Initial H: the entry of the children of Israel into Egypt;-(b) Margin: Moses and Pharaoh's daughter; Moses and the Burning Bush; Moses's rod transformed into a serpent; Moses receiving the Ten Commandments, f. 22.

(4) Numbers:-a) Initial L: the Almighty speaking to Moses;-b) Margin: Moses bringing forth water from the rock; a quail; Balaam and the angel. f. 47b.

(5) Deuteronomy:-(a) Initial H: Moses rehearsing the story of God's promise;-(b) Margin: the slaughter of the Amorites; Moses writing down the law. f. 62.

(6) Judges:-(a) initial P: Judah appointed leader of Israel;-(b) Margin: battle with the Canaanites and Perizzites: the burning of Jerusalem. f. 84

(7) Ruth:-a) Initial 1: Naomi, Elimelech and their to sons travelling to Moab; his burial in Moab; Naomi with her two sons and their wives; the two sons entombed;-(b) Margin: the departure of Orpah; Ruth and Naomi set out for Bethlehem; Boaz purchasing the inheritance; the birth of Obed. f. 93.

(8) 1 Kings:-a) Initial P: Elkanah making sacrifice;-b) Margin: the transportation of the Ark; Samuel annointing Saul; David and Goliath. f. 95.

(9) 2 Kings:-(a) Initial F: the death of Saul;-b) Margin: David hears of Saul's death; the slaying of the Amalekite. f. 107b.

(10) 3 Kings:-a) Initial E: Abishag cherishing David; Bathsheba petitioning David;-(b) Margin: the death of David; the anointing of Solomon; the building of the Temple. f. 117b.

(11) 4 Kings:-4a) Initial P: the fall of Ahaziah; Elijah and the angel; fire brought down from heaven by Elijah;-b) Margin: the death of Ahaziah; Elijah in the fiery chariot-. a siege. f. 129.

(12) I Chronicles:-(a) Initial A: David enthroned;-(b) Margin: David accompanying the Ark.. a battle against the Philistines. f. 140b.

(13) 2 Chronicles:-(a) Initial C: Solomon speaking to Israel;-(b) Margin: the Almighty appearing to Solomon; the Ark brought into the Temple; the arrival of the Queen of Sheba. f. 150b.

(14) 1 Esdras:-(a) Initial I: the proclamation of Cyrus; the rebuilding of the Temple;- (b) Margin: the restoration of the vessels of the Temple; the making of offerings. f. 164.

(15) 2 Esdras:-(a) Initial V: Nehemiah receiving visitors; Nehemiah at prayer:-(b) Margin: Nehemiah bringing wine to Artaxerxes; the building of the walls of Jerusalem. f. 167 b.

(16) 3 Esdras:-(a) Initial E: Josias holding the Passover in Jerusalem;-(b) Margin: Esdras leading the Israelites from Babylon to Jerusalem; Esdras reading the law,. f. 173.

(17) 4 Esdras:-(a) Initial A: the angel Uriel appearing to Esdras;-(b) Margin: Esdras's visions of a woman mourning her son. and of an eagle. f. 178.

(18) 5 Esdras:-(a) Initial E: the Almighty inspiring Esdras; Esdras disseminating his writings. f. 185.

(19) Tobit:-(a) Initial T: the blinding of Tobit;-(b) Margin: the arrival of the angel; Tobias and the fish, the home-coming of Tobias. f. 187.

(20) Judith:-(a) Margin: the fortification of Ecbatana; the death of Arphaxad. f. 190b;- (b) Initial A: Judith upon her housetop.,-(c) Margin: Judith and her maid leaving the city of Bethulia; Judith and Holofernes. f. 191.

(21) Esther:-(a) Initial I: Ahasuerus's feast; the rejection of Vashti;-(b) Margin: the coronation of Esther; the dream of Mardocheus. f. 195b.

(22) Job:-(a) Initial V: Satan before the Almighty,;-(b) Margin: Job stripped of his goods; Job receiving ill news; Job smitten with boils; the Almighty appearing to Job. f.200b.

(23) Psalms:-a) Initial B (Ps. i): Christ; David harping. f. 210;-(b) Initial D (Ps. xxvi): David pointing to his eye. f. 213b;-(c) Initial D (Ps. xxxviii): David pointing to his mouth. f. 215b;-(d) Initial D (Ps. lii): a fool. f. 217b; -e) Initial S (Ps. lxviii): David in the waters. f. 220;-f) Initial E (Ps. lxxx): David harping. f. 222b;-(g) Initial C (Ps. xcvii): a group of clerks singing. f.225;- (h) Initial D (Ps. cix): Christ. f. 227b

(24) Proverbs-Initial P: Wisdom enthroned. f.233.

(25) Ecclesiastes:-Initial V: Solomon expounding his text to a group of elders. f. 241.

(26) Song of Songs:-(a) Initial O: Solomon and the Shulamite enthroned;-(b) Margin: the bed of Solomon; Christ and the prophets. f. 244.

(27) Wisdom:-(a) Initial D: Solomon addressing a group of men;-(b) Margin: the godly man happy in his death. f. 245b.

(28) Ecclesiasticus:-(a) Initial O: a king and a child before the Almighty;-(b) Margin: a king encouraging his son to give alms to a beggar; a king with his wife and son. f. 251b.

(29) Isaiah:-a) Initial V: Isaiah before the gate of a city;-(b) Margin: Isaiah's vision of the Almighty; Isaiah receiving a great book from the Almighty; Isaiah's vision of the coming of Christ. f. 267.

(30) Jeremiah:-(a) Initial V: Jeremiah's vision of a seething pot;-(b) Margin: Jeremiah at the gate of the Temple, calling for true repentance; Jeremiah in prison. f. 285.

(31) Lamentations:-Initial Q: Jeremiah lamenting over Jerusalem. f. 306.

(32) Baruch:-Initial E: Baruch reading his book to the Jews. f. 308.

(33) Ezekiel:-(a) Initial E: Ezekiel's vision;-b) Margin: the Almighty instructing Ezekiel about his hair; Ezekiel eating the roll. f. 310b.

(34) Daniel:-(a) Initial A: Nebuchadnezzar capturing Jerusalem;-(b) Margin: Nebuchadnezzar's dream; worshipping the image; the fiery furnace. f. 330;-(c) Margin: David interpreting Nebuchadnezzar's vision of a tree. f. 332b;-(d) Margin: Nebuchadnezzar eating grass with the beasts. f.333;-(e) Margin: Daniel in the lions' den. f. 333b;-f) Margin: Daniel's vision of the beasts from the sea. f.334; -(g) Margin: Susannah and the elders. f.336b;-(h) Margin: Daniel defending Susan nah; the death of the elders. f. 337.

(35) Hosea:-Initial V: Hosea and Gomer before the Almighty. f. 338b.

(36) Joel:-Initial V: Joel exhorting the old men. f. 341.

(37) Amos:-(a) Initial V: Amos addressing a group of elders;-(b) Margin: Amos with grasshoppers; Amos with cattle. f. 342b.

(38) Obadiah:-Initial V. Obadiah with a child before the elders. f. 345.

(39) Jonah:-(a) Initial F: Jonah before the Almighty;-(b) Margin: Jonah cast into the whale's jaws; Jonah spewed up by, the whale. f. 345b.

(40) Micah:-(a) Initial V: Micah before the Almighty;-b) Margin: Micah rebuking the Jews; the wine and the fig-tree. f. 346b.

(41) Nahum:-Initial O: Nahum addressing the Jews. f. 348.

(42) Habakkuk:- Initial O: Habakkuk addressing the Jews. f. 349b.

(43) Zephaniah:-Initial V: Zcphaniah addressing the Jews. f. 350b.

(44) Haggai:-Initial I: Haggai before the Almighty; Haggai encouraging the people. f. 352.

(45) Zechariah;-) Initial I: Zechariah before the Almighty; the man on a red horse;- (b) Margin: Zechariah shown the four carpenters; Joshuah and Satan. f. 352b;-c) Margin: Zechariah's vision of seven lamps; Zechariah's vision of four chariots. f. 353b.

(46) Malachi:-Initial O: Malachi with an angel before the Almighty. f.356.

(47) 1 Maccabees:-Initial E. Alexander on a bed of sickness, f. 357b.

(48) 2 Maccabees:-a) Initial F: the death of Antiochus;-(b) Margin: Nehemiah sending a message to the descendants of the priests; digging for the fire; fire made with the water. f. 369;-(c) Margin: the invasion of Israel; Jeremiah giving a sword to Judas Maccabeus; the death of Nicanor. f. 376b;-(d) Margin: Nicanor's tongue fed to cows; Nicanor's hand hung upon the tower. f.377.

(49) Preface to the New Testament:-Initial B: Pope Damasus. f. 377.

(50) Matthew (opening page a later replacement):-(a) Margin: the massacre of the innocents. f. 380;-(b) Margin: Christ healing. f. 381b;-(c) Margin: the death of the Baptist. f. 384;-(d) Margin: the Transfiguration. f. 385.

(51) Mark:-a) Initial I: the Evangelist. f. 390;-(b) Margin: Christ walking on the water; Christ casting out a devil. f. 390;-(c) Margin: the Gadarene swine. f. 391b.

(52) Luke:-(a) Initial F: the Evangelist. f. 397b;-(b) Margin: the birth of the Baptist: the Annunciation. f. 397b;-(c) Margin: the Nativity. f. 398;-(d) Margin: the Presentation; Christ among the doctors; the Baptist at Jordan. f. 398b,-(e) Margin: the road to Emmaus; supper at Emmaus. f. 409.

(53) John: a) Initial I: the Evangelist with a scroll; the Baptist with a scroll. f. 409b;-(b) Margin: the marriage at Cana. f. 409b;-(c) Margin: the feeding of the five thousand. f. 412;-(d) Margin: Christ healing a blind man. f. 414;-(e) Margin: the raising of Lazarus; Mary Magdalene annointing the feet of Christ. f. 414b;-(f) Margin: the Last Supper. f. 415b;-g) Margin: Christ washing the feet of the disciples. f. 416;-(h) Margin: Gethsemane. f. 416b.

(54) Romans:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 420b.

(55) 1 Corinthians:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 425.

(56) 2 Corinthians:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 430.

(57) Galatians:-Initial P. Paul preaching. f. 433.

(58) Ephesians:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 434b.

(59) Philippians:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 436.

(60) Colossians:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 437b.

(61) Laodiceans:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 438b.

(62) 1 Thessalonians:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 439.

(63) 2 Thessalonians:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 440.

(64) 1 Timothy:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 441.

(65) 2 Timothy:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 442b.

(66) Titus:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 443b.

(67) Philemon:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 444.

(68) Hebrews:-Initial P: Paul preaching. f. 444b.

(69) Acts:-(a) Initial P: the Apostles. f. 448;-(b) Margin: the Ascension. f. 448,- (c) Margin: Pentecost. f. 448b;-d) Margin: Peter and John healing a lame man. f. 449;- (e) Margin: Saul struck blind. f. 451b.,-(f) Margin: Peter lowered in a basket. f. 452:-(g) Margin: Peter imprisoned and released by an angel. f. 453.

(70) James:-Initial I: James preaching. f. 461.

(71) 1 Peter:-Initial P: Peter preaching. f. 462b.

(72) 2 Peter:-Initial P: Peter preaching. f. 464.

(73) 1 John:-Initial Q: John preaching. f. 465.

(74) 2 John:-Initial S: John preaching. f. 466.

(75) 3 John:-Initial S: John preaching. f. 466b.

(76) Jude:-Initial I: Jude preaching. f. 466b.

(77) Revelation:-(a) Initial A: St John writing. f. 467b;-(b) Margin: the vision of the Son of Man. f. 468;-(c) Margin: the court of Heaven. f. 468b;-(d) Margin: Christ and the Lamb with the sealed book; the twenty-four elders; the four horsemen. f. 469;-(e) Margin: the seventh seal; the locusts. f. 469b;-(f) Margin: the angels of the Euphrates; John eating the book. f. 470;-g) Margin: the woman clothed with the sun; war in heaven; the beast from the sea. f. 470b;-(h) Margin: the lamb; the virgins. f. 471;-i) Margin: the emptying of the vials; the Great Whore. f. 471b;- (j) Margin: the fall of Babylon; the angel with the millstone. f. 472;-(k) Margin: Christ leading the riders on the white horses; the fowls prepared to devour the captains of men; the dragon cast into the bottomless pit. f. 472b;- (1) Margin: the new Jerusalem. f. 473.

(78) Interpretation of Hebrew Names:-Initial A: a Dominican teaching. f. 474.Although its miniatures are an integral part of the narrative sequence, f. 472 is an insertion of somewhat later date than the body of the MS. Script and decoration are closely but not perfectly matched to the original, but the style of the miniatures suggests a Franco-Flemish artist working about 1400 from an Italian model. As noted above, eleven other leaves (4, 15, 37, 75, 357, 371, 379, 406, 417-419) are partially or substantially replaced. In each case an attempt has been made to copy the script and marginal decoration of the original. In four instances miniatures are supplied in the lower margins of replacement leaves to fill an obvious gap in the sequence of gospel illustrations, viz:-(1) The Betrayal. f. 417b;-(2) The Crucifixion. f. 418;- (3) The disciples at the empty tomb. f. 418b;-(4) The Resurrection. f. 419. The replaced leaves are apparently contemporary with two decorated leaves added at the front of the volume. These are executed in the Italian style of the mid-16th century. The leaves bear:-(1) The arms of Anti-Pope Clement VII (see below), in an oval frame, supported by St Peter and St Paul and surmounted by the papal tiara and keys. f. iiib;-(2) A calligraphic title page, framed by twenty-eight small square miniatures. Those at the top depict the creation of Adam; the Fall and the Expulsion. Those at the foot depict the Annunciation; the Nativity and the Crucifixion. The side panels are filled with portraits of Old Testament characters and of the four evangelists. f. iv. A coat of arms, possibly that of the original owner of the MS., once occurred at several points in the Bible. lt has been obliterated by the insertion of the arms of the Anti-Pope Clement VII, nine pieces or and azure (see D. L. Galbreath, Papal Heraldry, 1930, pp. 41-43, 79-80, and F. T. Dubois, 'Les Armoiries de Robert de Genève', Archives héraldiques suisses, xxxviii, 1924, pp. 151-155). These appear in shield form on ff. 1, 93, 140 b, 164, 173, 178, 191, 233, 244, 251 b, 285, 310 b, 337, 342 b, 345 b, 346 b, 376 b, and 474; in lozenges on ff. 62, 167 b, 195 b, 353 b, 377, 390, 409 and 414 b; and in rectangles, surmounted by the Keys of St Peter on a red ground, on ff. 84 and 107 b. The arms on f. 1 are embossed 'CLEMENS [PP] VII'. This MS. is apparently not identifiable with any of Clement VII's recorded Bibles, see Dorez, op. cit., pp. 45-46. lt was acquired by William Roscoe during the late 18th cent. from Mme Jobé of Rouen, and appeared in his sale-cat., Catalogue of the very, select and valuable Library of William Roscoe, Esq., Winstanley, Liverpool, 19 August 1816, lot 1810. According to a note in the hand of Thomas William Coke (1st Earl of Leicester of Holkham 1837), f. 1b: 'This splendid Manuscript was purchased at Mr Roscoe's sale by Thos Wilm Coke 1816'. The MS. was in fact purchased at the sale for £178 by a Liverpool bookseller, Edward Rushton, and subsequently re-purchased from him for £210 by Roscoe on Coke's behalf. For Roscoe's acquisition and sale of the MS. see Dorez, op. cit., pp. 44-55, and C. W. James, 'Some notes upon the Manuscript Library at Holkham', The Library, 4th ser., ii, 1922, p. 232. Early 19th cent. (bef. 1816) binding of blue velvet, with doublures of gold- tooled cream morocco, by J. Jones of Liverpool (see Roscoe sale-cat., lot 1810). Pencilled note 'Holk. cat. 7', f. ii.Clement VII; Pope: Arms,: 14th, 16th centt.'