Mss Eur Mack Private 16

p. i: Table of Contents.

1, pp. ix, 1-361: History of Java Translated by A Brand for C. Mackenzie Oct 1814. (p. 1): Copy of an Historical account of the Island of Great Java by François Van Boeckholt with some additions & appendix augmented by Johannes Ekenholm. Begins (p. 2) : " Name. The Island of D'Java [=Java] in the Court language D'Jawi [=Jawi] receives its name according to the general opinion from Certain Grain called D'Jawoet [=juwawut] which in appearance and taste is much like [millet] the Inhabitants are called Javanese, after the name of the Island. This grain . . . (p. 4) "Peopling of Java. By what Nation or from whence the people came that first settled on this Island is quite impossible with any apparent probability to trace we are too remote from those times to state any opinion on the subject Moses informs us . . . the people of Java themselves relate . . . that Java has been inhabited from the earliest times more than Three Thousand years ago-That the first inhabitants of the Island were cannibals and of a quite Savage Nature who like the Beasts did live in the Woods-That among them were people that had tails . . . the late Radeen Tommongong [=Raden Tumenggung] or Regent of Bagalen who died at the Emperors Court in 1786 they saij, had a Tail and was a descendant of that people,” &c . . . . This so-called history contains a lot of miscellaneous matter on native character and customs, Malay history, &c., only indirectly connected with Javanese history. The sub-headings give some indication of the contents : p. 2 : Name ; p. 4 : Peopling of Java ; p.15 : Bay of the Mattaram [=Mataram] ; p. 16 : Description of the Town Brambanen [=Prambanan] ; p. 37 : The Empire of Kalie Djamat or Kalie [=Kali] Jamat ; p. 39 : The Empire or Country of Damak [=Dĕmak] ; p. 41 : The Kingdom of Padjang [= Pajang] ; p. 43: The Kingdom of Sunda ; p. 48 : The Kingdom of Bantam ; p. 49 : The Kingdom of Padja Jarang [=Pajajaran] ; p. 51 : Jaccrata [=Jakarta, Jakatra] ; p. 52 : The famous Empire of Madjosah [= (presumably) Majapahit] : p. 59 : Cheribon [=Chirebon] ; p. 65 : Origin of the Name and population of the Island Madura ; p. 75: Short remarks with regard to the Chinese & their first arrival at Java ; p. 81 : History of the Calangers [=Kalang] ; p. 96 : Fabulous History with regard to the descent of the Calangers ; p. 96: [here follows a genealogical history, beginning with Hadje Sokko = Aji Saka] ; p. 118 : History of the descend of the people with tails which resided in the Province of Bagelen according to the account of the Javanese ; p. 125 : From Buffon : Men with Tails ; p. 126 : Giants ; p. 127 : Description of the Maleyers and the Building of the Town of Malacca ; p. 137 : Giants at Java ; p. 140 : The white Javanese ; p. 142 : Countenance. and figure of the Javanese ; p.145 : Deformed Men ; p. 146: Their Language & Writing ; p. 154 : The Character of the Javanese ; p. 158 : Their Pride ; p. 160 : Description of the Bedoyos [= bĕḍaya] or Dans [=dancing] Girls ; p: 165 : Their Indolence [this and the following refer to the nation as a whole] ; p. 173 : Their perfidy ; p. 179 : Opium Smokers ; p.182 : Smoking of Tobacco ; p. 183 : Sierie [=sirih] or the use of the Beetle leave [=betel leaf] ; p. 186 : Their Courage ; p. 187 : Their arms or weapons ; p. 191 : Their ingenuity ; p. 192 : Their ingenuity in the Cultivation of the Soil ; p. 195 : Dress of the Men ; p. 200 : Dress of the Women ; p. 203 : The Climate of Java [with a good many remarks on local causes of insalubrity] ; p. 227 : Woods or Forests at Java ; p. 229 : Chronology of the Javanese ; p. 237 : Calculation of the Javanese years compared with that of the Dutch [from 1786 to 1791 only] ; p. 238 : The fertility of the Soil of Java ; p. 248 : Fruit Trees ; p. 251 : The Wild Cinnamon Tree ; p. 253 : The poison Tree, called by the Javanese Pohon oepas [=upas] ; p. 258 : The Camado [=kĕmaḍuh] Tree, called by the Europeans the Buffoloe leaf ; p. 260 : Some remarkable Trees at Java : The Soap Tree ; p. 261 : The bread Tree otherwise called Pohon Soekoom [=sukun] ; p. 268 : The Sweet Smelling grass, called by the Javanese Soukat [=suket] Kalle Jaumen ; p. 269 : Pellet [=pelet wood] ; p. 270 : The Sonno [=sana] Wood ; The Stink Wood ; p. 271 : The Wringle Tree ; The Palm Tree ; p. 272 : The Toeriban [= turi bang] or Red Toeri [= turi] ; p. 274 : Europe fruits ; p. 277 : Wheat & other Corn the produce of Europe ; p. 280 : Produce [i.e., rice, &c.] ; p. 282 : Coins ; p. 284 : The Silkworm ; p. 285 : Water [including rivers, hot springs, mineral waters, &c.] ; p. 292 : Fisshes ; p. 294 : Volcanu and other Mountains ; p. 303 : Baked Bricks ; p. 305 : Stone quarries ; p. 307 : Copy of a narrative given and made by the Chief of Souracarta [= Surakarta] to the Honble the Governor of the North East Coast of Java relative to the explosion of Mount Kloet [=Klut] Situated East of Sourabaya [=Surabaya] [in 1752] ; p. 311 : Snakes ; p. 314 : Cattle & game &(ca) ; p. 318 : Tame Birds [including poultry] ; p. 319 : Wild birds and amongst them Birds of passage ; p. 322: Horses ; p. 326 : The Javanese Mode of riding on Horseback ; p. 329 : Coachmanship ; p. 331 : Disorders : The venereal Complaints ; p. 336: Javanese Pocks called by the natives Pateks [=patek] ; p. 343 : The Ringworm [and other maladies] ; p. 348 : Poisonous Graves ; p. 350 : Architecture of the Javanese ; p. 354 : Observations on the History of Great Java written by Mr Valentyn [a critical, but on the whole, favourable appreciation of that author's work]. Ends (p. 360) : " With regard to the transactions of the Court he [=Valentyn] has likewise made many mistakes as well as in the genealogical Register and the Chronology of the Princes the first three of that dynasty he makes to live from 75 to 80 years in order to fill up the Vacuum occasioned by leaving out some the first which he calls Sieroeboet [=Sĕrubut] is not known by the Natives nor such a name in used among them-But on the other hand is the description & History of the war and the Campain which Mr Valentyn attended, and many other transactions of the Island of Java of which he has been able to obtain the papers, records & written documents most excellent and we have been under the necessity ourselves to make use of his annotations in some instances as the best ever published." The Dutch original is 28. 1 infra. Presumably the author is identical with the François van Boekholtz mentioned in P. H. van der Kemp, Oost-Indië's Herstel in 1816 (1911), p. 397.

2, pp. 365-78 : Description of 25 plates or illustrations (not appended here) illustrating Javanese antiquities (architectural and sculptural), costumes and types (Javanese of various ranks and grades), weapons and other objects (writing cases, betel boxes, &c.). The antiquities described comprise the temple of Brambana [= Prambanan] and objects found in N.E. Java and elsewhere. The illustrations were by the author of 1 supra, to the original of which they were no doubt appended. Translated from the Dutch of 28. 2 infra.

3, pp. 379-80 : Brief discription and explanation of the ancient Temple at Brambana [=Prambanan]. A mere list of parts, evidently referring to a plan or illustration, followed by a short description of the general form of the building and the nature of the materials used in it. Translated from the Dutch of 28. 3 infra.

4, (a) pp. 381-4 : Translation of a Javanese Letter written by the Adipatty [=Adipati] of Crauwang [=Krawang] to Mr the Commissioner for the Natives Rolff. On a stranded whale (apparently), here styled a fish. (b) pp. 385-6 : Description of the "fish." These' are translated from the Dutch of 28, 4 (a) and (b) infra, respectively.

5, pp. 387-91 : Abstract from the annotation of daily occurrences made by the Honble Jan Greve Member Extraordinair of the Supreme Council & Governor and Director of the East Coast of Java, during his travels in the bovenlands [=up country, hill country] of Java and to the courts of the Emperor & Sulthan at Souracarta [=Surakarta] &; Diocjocarta [=Jokyakarta] from the 19th of July to the 20th of august 1787. This extract from a diary begins and ends 4 August 1787 with a visit to Prambanan, of which it gives a scanty description. Translated from the Dutch of 28. 5 infra.

6, pp. 392-424 : Batavia, 4 February 1788. Letter from C. F. Reimer to an unnamed clergyman discussing drawings made by Van Boekholt (author of 1 supra) of 5 images found in Java. The writer compares them with images he has observed on the Coromandel Coast and discusses them in considerable detail. Translated from the Dutch of 28. 6 infra. Pencilied notes and corrections have been added, apparently in Mackenzie's hand.

7. pp. 425-448 : Of the Ancient Monuments in Java & of their Origin, Extract of a Letter from Mr van Ryk Commandant at the Post of Passarouwang [=Pasuruan] dated the 28 of M ay 1785. Includes:- (a) pp. 425-447 : The letter describes in particular two large gypsum images then existing at the gate of the Dalm [=dalĕm] in the village of Raus, in the Regency of Bangalan [=Bangil], discusses Javanese antiquities generally (particularly with reference to the question as to whether they owed their origin to a different race from the modern Javanese), describes certain silver medals and inscribed brass plates (belonging to Mr. Van der Niepoort and the writer) and emphasizes the difficulty of pursuing antiquarian researches in Java. (b) p. 448 : Annotation of the measurement of the Two Images in the Negory [=nĕgĕri] Raus in the Bangalan [=Bangil] district. The above are translated from the Dutch of 28. 7 (a) and (b) infra.

8, pp. 449-51 : Brief Genealogical List of Nabie [=Nabi] Adam translated into the Dutch Language from the Alcoran. The descent goes down to Malkan, otherwise Lamek. Translated from the Dutch of 28. 8 infra. See also 23. 7 infra.

9, pp. 453-70 : La C. Extracted from Mr Middlekoops History. Begins: " Java or as the Natives call it Djawie [=Jawi] seems, according to ancient traditions with regard to this point to have derived its name from a certain grain callea Djoeawit [=juwawut] which is a yellow, small round seed not unlike that of Cabbages and is as well in sort as taste much like the Millet. The first inhabitants of this Island found this grain by their arrival a wild produce of the Mountains and the woods, they used it, together with the oebies [=ubi], katella [=katela] and tallas [=talĕs] as an article of food & found it so much to their taste and of so nourishing a quality that the name of it was considered worthy of becoming the name of the Country and the Island was in conformity to this resolution called Djawoe [=Jawa] or Java as already stated tho' others are of opinion that the word Djawie should originate in the word Lour [=luhur] signifying without or besides, and that this gave the name to the Island it being not mentioned among the other three parts of the world known to the ancient people of the East and thus as situated without these three parts and as some will calculated only for the habitation of Spirits was called Lour or Djawie.' Ends (p. 468) : “ This people did live in great happiness till their peace was disturbed by the arrival of a certain Hadje [=Aji] or Radja Sokko [=Raja Saka] who, as some suppose held his Court in the Blorass [=Blora] district while others say that he resided in the district of Medang Kamolan [=Mĕnḍang Kamulan], this Prince having conquered the people of Java devided them into Casts or Classes as Husbandmen, Herdsmen, Hunters, fishers, merchants, tradesmen, Seafaring men & Soldiers who had each their separate Chiefs and of which the Husbandmen were the most & the Soldiers the least esteemed as chiefly consisting of Idlers and bad people." Translated from the Dutch of 28. 9 infra. Presumably the author was J. A. van Middelkoop. See 8 supra. [The meaning is that in the basa luhur, or "high language," otherwise called Krama, the word jawi signifies " besides." The author apparently misunderstood his source of information. I am indebted for this explanation to Raden Hoesein Djajadiningrat, to whom I would also take this opportunity of expressing my grateful acknowledgments for much other assistance freely rendered in connexion with a number of the volumes here catalogued, particularly in the identification of Javanese words and proper names.]

10, pp. 473-98 : Batavia, 13 November 1772. Narrative of the eruption and sinking of a Burning Sulphur Mountain on the Island of Java and of the sad & fatal Consequences of that event occurred in the Month of august 1772 to which are added some observations with regard to that phenomenon addressed to the Dutch Society of Sciences by Johan Maurits Mohr member of said Society. Translated from the Dutch of 28. 10 infra, where it is stated that the Dutch original was printed in 1773 at Haerlem in the transactions of the above-mentioned Society, Vol. XIV, p. 82 of appendix.

11, pp. 501-8 : Beusichem, 11 October 1786. Information with regard to a remedy not generally known against fevers and an obstruction in the Spleen called the Bass used at Java, published by Jacob Gaspar Metzlar. The remedy in question is a fruit called "Martie Conde." Translated from the Dutch of 28. 11 infra, where a pencilled note refers to its having appeared in print in 1790 at Middelburg in Vol. 14 of the transactions of a Zealand and Flushing Society.

12, pp. 509-12: The History of Amboyna containing a short account of all the most remarkable occurrences as well in times of peace as during the Wars since the Dutch East India Company have been in possession of Amuoyna compiled by Georgius Everhardus Rumphius Merchant in the Service of the Dutch Company & chief at the Coast of Hitoe [=Hitu] & afterwards member of the Council at Amboynu for Fort Victoria. Translated from the Dutch of 28. 14 infra. This short extract ends at the end of the paragraph entitled (in the margin) "Sinda of Ptolomeus what Island these are" corresponding to 1. 3 of p. 4 of Bijdragen tot de T.-, L.- en Volkenkunde v. N.-I., (1910), 7(e) . Volgreeks, 10(e) Deel (=Deel LXIV), where the work is printed.