Hard-coded id of currently selected item: . JSON version of its record is available from Blacklight on e.g. ??
Metadata associated with selected item should appear here...
Mss Eur Mack Private 45
- Record Id:
- 040-003409305
- Hierarchy Root Ancestor Record Id:
- 032-002305423
- MDARK:
- ark:/81055/vdc_100057837240.0x000001
- LARK:
- SLARK:
- Format:
- ISAD(G)
- Reference (shelfmark):
- Mss Eur Mack Private 45
- Title:
-
Treatises respecting Batavia [Verhandling over Batavia].
- Scope & Content:
-
pp. 1, 9, 13-189: Verhandeling over Batavia Treatises respecting Batavia Copied from an Original MS in the Archives & Depot of Records at Buitenzoorg - January 1813 for Colin Mackenzie. A memoir addressed by its author to William Arnold Alting, Governor-General of Nethelrands India, 1780-97. Comprises :-
1, pp. 9, 13-62: Verhandeling over Batavia Eerste Deel. Including :- (a) pp. 13-18: Inleiding. An introduction giving a general survey of the purport and object of the work and its contents. (b) pp. 18-62: Eerste Afdeeling. Begins: "Algemeene schetze van de ligging van Batavia. 'T Kasteel en de Stad Batavia zijn geleegen in 't diepste van eene zeer ruime Baaij, op eene genoegsaam water passen grond; die ongeägt de veeljaarige aanhoudende ophoogingen van den gemeenen grond, de Huisen en straaten; over het algemeen maar 3. a 4. Voeten boven 't pijl van t zomerwater in de zogenaamde groote rivier uitsteekt; dewelke de stad omtrend in 't midden doorvliet, en 't Kasteel aan haaren regten oever laat liggen; beide zijn met door verscheidene daar uit afgegraavene Takken bewaterd die uit dezelve moeten ververscht werden." This part contains a topographical description of Batavia, with special and detailed accounts of the various forts, or, in the words of the introduction (as rendered in 18 supra), " a brief account of the present state and situation of the Fort & City of Batavia, & principally its fortifications, together with the situation of the thereon bordering beach & Country as far as the same can be appropriated to strengthen, and in case of attack in defending the place-to which ought to be added a particular account of the leading and dividing the canals and rivers in and about the Fort & City .... " (A good deal of space is in fact devoted to these waterways and their effect on the salubrity of the town.) Ends (p. 61): " Besluit van 't Eerste Hoofddeel. Dit is de waare staat der verdedigens werken van het hedendaagsch Batavia; de gesteldheid van desselvs naaste stranden; en de strekte van de hetzel ve omringende vastigheeden. geene vermoeijingen, geene aanhoudende arbeiden, zijn ontzien of ontgaan, die den ondergetek: volgens zijn best inrigt, konden dien in ’t onderzoek daar van, en de verkrijging van- de daar toe nodige kennissen alles wat hij heeft te papiere gesteld heert hij zelfs gezien, zelfs gellleeten, zelfs in kaart en plan gebragt, geteekend, overwoogen en beschreeven. de daartoe betrekkelijke tekeningen, hoe wel heel talrijk, zijn met ane, hem mogelijke, uitvoerigheid en naauwkeurigheid geexecuteerd. Dus verhoopd hij nedrigst, dat uw Hoog Edelheeden gunstig zullen willen genoegen neemen, in dit eerste deel van zijn nog gebrekkig werck . . . . . en zal de voldoening van opregte pligtbetragting, naar 't getuijgenis zijns geweetens tot op laatste uuren zijns levens, als eenen dierbaaren schat koesteren en genieten." A second part (not reproduced in this volume) was "to treat on the enlargement, improvement, & strengthening, of the said work" (i.e., the fortifications), " as time and circumstances & the little experience of the undersigned shall suggest to be most profitable ... With this must be connected the plan of providing the Fort & City with the best water in such an abundance that, not only the deficiency of good drink water be removed, but that besides a daily repeated rubbing & cleaning thro' all its canals &c may be effected. . . " A third part was to give an account of the Bay of Batavia and its adjacent islands. It does not appear that this was ever written, as the author's data were inadequate for the purpose. See 18 supra, pp. 12-5.
2, pp. 63-189: Verhandeling over Batavia. Tweede Deel, Tweede Stuck . . . Behelzende Voorstellen tot verbeetering van Batavia's dampkring, door nuttiger Verdeeling en Bestiering van eene gezonder inwooning, aldaar, door bekwaamer inrigting van dies bijzondere en openbaare Gebouwen. Begins: " (Cunctis fluat unda salubris! Het onderzoek naar de oorzaaken en den waaren Aart der ongezondheid van Batavia's dampkring en wateren, in 't eerste stuk des , tweeden deels deezer Verhandeling, naar Vermoogen ontwikkeld zijnde; almeede opengelegd de algemeene Schetze der Hoofdmiddelen, om dezelve—Hier toe laate de Eeuwige bronwel alles Heijls, eenen rijken stroom, zijner almogende Zegeningen over onze quijnende Volkplanting nederdaalen !—Menschelijker wijze, en onder een zeekeren Trap van phijsicale verzeekering, te moogen verbeeteren: zoo zal dit tweede stuck voornaamelijk moeten dienen, om dezelven zoo uit voerig te verhandelen en ontleeden; dat zoo wel uw Hoog Edel Groot Achtb(s) en 't verligtingedeelte onzer inwoonderen; als ook, een voornaamlijk de Edele Hoog Achtpare Heeren Meesters, en de uitmuntende, vaderland en volckplanting neemende ... onzer Republic, gezamentlijk zouden moogen oordeelen, over derzelver eenvoudigen Aart en kragdadige uitwerking; op dat dit groote oog-merk, in zulk breed dagligt gesteld alom met dezelvde duijdelijkheid konne werden beschouwd, overwoogen, en bevordeeld: ten Eijnde alle daar in schuijlende twijfelagtigheeden, ontdekt nader opgeheldert en te regt gebragt moogen werden en blijven." The first chapter of this section of the work (not reproduced here) is described in 18 supra, p. 167, as an " inquiry after the cause and true nature of the unhealthiness of Batavia's Atmosphere and waters"; this second chapter as " containing proposals for the improvement of the Atmosphere of Batavia, by means of a better division and direction, of healthier habitations by proper construction of private and public Buildings." It comprises, first, a strong plea for fresh air and efficient ventilation (combined with a depreciation of the results of experimental physics which reads very oddly at the present time), and some notice of the effect of vegetation on rainfall and atmospheric purity; secondly, suggestions as to town-planning and building, with special reference to the points in which Batavia was in these respects deficient, particularly from the point of view of public health and security. The author's chief complaint is against the existence of too many buildings in the town area, and his ideal is more or less that of a " garden city." He praises the one-story houses of Ceylon, and attributes most of the prevalent diseases of the tropics (and even of Southern European countries where the climate is warm) to overcrowding and inadequate ventilation. [One is rather surprised to learn that at Batavia so much glass was used in the windows and doors, and also that people used ground-floor rooms as bedrooms.] His recommendations include the consequential structural alterations which are discussed in considerable detail, the diminution of the numbers of slaves and horses, the concentration of the latter in large stables in special quarters of the town, the construction of hospitals for the treatment of the former when sick, &c. Further (pp. 118 seqq.) the author lays stress on flushing the town canals with an abundant supply of good water. This leads him to discuss the condition of the Molenvliet, which he describes in some detail, and the city's water supply and waterways in general, as to which he proposes a number of improvements at very great length. pp. 160 seqq. contain recommendations for preventing the pollution of the waterways, the removal of dirt, &c. On pp. 169 seqq. the author, after again insisting on the importance of ventilation, proceeds to make a number of suggestions on the proper construction of hospitals (with some description of those already in existence at Batavia) and (pp. 183 seqq.) other large public buildings, such as barracks, with criticisms on the existing ones. After a summary of what has preceded, this section ends (p. 188): "Hij is dan gekomen, tot hij derde stuck van dit deel; waar in voornaamlijk te handelen staat, over de bijzondere voor en na deelen onzer situatie en der zelver resources, met betrekking tot eenen vooronderstelden vijandelijken aanval, en daar tegens te doene verweering, En welke hij onderget: nedrigst geoordeeld heeft; om zeer kennelijke redenen, in een bijzonder stuck te zamen te brengen; afgesoheijden van dit, 't .welke ter breedere gemeenmaaking, aan een notabel aantal van persoonen, zal moeten dienen waartegens, gemeld derde stuck, enz: niet dan met de discreetste secretesse, en van daar toe bijzonders bevoorregte persoonen, alleenig zal moogen werden behandeld en onderzogd." The third section here alluded to is not contained in this volume. For an English translation (down to p. 109) see 18 supra (this is continued to p. 126 by two fragments in Mack. Misc. 90. ; and for another copy (down to p. 98, and from p. 126 to the end) see Mack. 1822. 10. 1 and 5 respectively.
- Collection Area:
- India Office Records and Private Papers
- Project / Collection:
- India Office Private Papers
- Hierarchy Record Ids:
- 032-002305423
040-003409305 - Is part of:
- Mss Eur Mack Private : Colin Mackenzie Papers: Private Collection
Mss Eur Mack Private 45 : Treatises respecting Batavia [Verhandling over Batavia]. - Hierarchy:
- 032-002305423[0059]/040-003409305
- Container:
- View / search within Archive / Collection: Mss Eur Mack Private
- Record Type (Level):
- File
- Extent:
-
1 volume, 189 pages
- Digitised Content:
- Languages:
- Dutch
- Scripts:
- Latin
- Start Date:
- 1780
- End Date:
- 1813
- Date Range:
- 1780-1813
- Era:
- CE
- Access:
-
Please request the physical items you need using the online collection item request form.
Digitised items can be viewed online by clicking the thumbnail image or digitised content link.
Readers who have registered or renewed their pass since 21 March 2024 can request physical items prior to visiting the Library by completing
this request form.
Please enter the Reference (shelfmark) above on the request form.If your Reader Pass was issued before this date, you will need to visit the Library in London or Yorkshire to renew it before you can request items online. All manuscripts and archives must be consulted at the Library in London.
This catalogue record may describe a collection of items which cannot all be requested together. Please use the hierarchy viewer to navigate to individual items. Some items may be in use or restricted for other reasons. If you would like to check the availability, contact our Reference Services team, quoting the Reference (shelfmark) above.
- User Conditions:
- Physical Characteristics:
-
Dimensions: 32 x 20 cm.
- Finding Aids:
- For the full description, see G.R Kaye and E.H. Johnston, Catalogue of Manuscripts in European Languages (London: HMSO, 1937), no. K288
- Material Type:
- Archives and Manuscripts
- Legal Status:
- Not Public Record(s)