Add MS 65138

CLIFFORD PAPERS. Vol. I (ff. 193). Papers relating to the Secret Treaty of Dover; 1669-1672, but including a few 19th- and 20th-cent. notes, etc. Partly copies and printed. Partly French. By this Treaty, concluded at Dover 22 May/1 June 1670, Charles II agreed to declare himself a Roman Catholic and to engage in a war against the Dutch, in return for a subsidy of 2,000,000 livres tournois from Louis XIV. The papers were given into the custody of the 1st Lord Clifford, one of the signatories to the Treaty, and removed to Ugbrooke on his resignation as Lord Treasurer in 1673. Their existence remained unknown outside his family until the final protocol of the Treaty (item 15 below) was published, from a copy supplied by the 6th Lord Clifford, in John Lingard's History of England (1819-1830), VII, pp. 626-634. Further use was made of the papers by Keith Feiling in British Foreign Policy 1660-1672 (1930), pp. 269-309, and by C. H. Hartmann in Charles II and Madame (1934), Clifford of the Cabal (1937), and The King my Brother (1954); see also R. Hutton, 'The Making of the Secret Treaty of Dover', in Historical Journal, XXIX (1986), pp. 297-318. The papers are as listed in Hartmann, The King my Brother, pp. 373-374, with the exception of the letter from Henrietta, Duchesse d'Orléans, to Clifford, 11/21 June 1670 (printed ibid., p. 321), which was sold as a separate lot (249) by Sotheby's on 23 July 1987, and not acquired by the British Library.

The principal contents are:

1. ff. 1-3. Letter from Louis XIV to Charles II; [18/]28 June 1669. Autograph, with typewritten copy. French. Printed in translation in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, p. 262.

2. ff. 4-29v. Three papers of proposals for an alliance from Louis XIV to Charles II, in the hand of Walter Montagu, Abbot of St Martin de Pontoise, sent to England by Henry, 3rd Lord Arundell of Wardour; [1669]. French, with translations in the hand of Clifford. Summarised in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 263-267.

3. ff. 30-34. Answer to the above proposals in Clifford's hand, with an addition (f. 33) by Henry Bennet, Earl of Arlington; [Aug. 1669]. Draft. Summarised in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 267-269.

4. ff. 35-36v. Letter from Louis XIV to Charles II; [31 Aug/]10 Sept. 1669. Autograph. French. Printed in translation in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 269-270.

5. ff. 37-42v. Memorial from Louis XIV, in Montagu's hand, accompanying the preceding letter; [Aug.-Sept. 1669]. French, with (ff. 41-42v) a translation by Clifford. Summarised in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 270-271.

6. ff. 43-55. Letter from Henrietta, Duchesse d' Orléans, to Lord Arlington, with (ff. 47-51v) an enclosed letter to Charles II; [14/]24, [11/]21 Sept. 1669. French, with typewritten copy. The first letter is printed in English Historical Review, XLIII (1928), pp. 396-397, the second (incorrectly dated 27 Sept. [1668?]), ibid., XLVII (1932), pp. 642-645; for the correct dating and a translation of both letters, see Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 275-281, 373.

7. ff. 56-57v. Instructions drawn up by Clifford for Lord Arundell on his return to France; Sept. 1669. Draft. Summarised in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 282-283.

8. ff. 58-59v. Memorial from Charles II to Louis XIV, taken to France by Lord Arundell; [Sept-Oct. 1669]. Summarised in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, p. 282.

9. ff. 60-66v. Louis XIV's reply to the preceding memorial, in Montagu's hand; [Oct. 1669]. French, with (ff. 63-66v) a translation by Clifford. Summarised in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, p. 283.

10. ff. 67-70v. Commissions, public and secret, from Louis XIV to Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy, to negotiate the alliance; [21/]31 Oct. 1669. Translations in the hand of Sir Richard Bellings.

11. ff. 71-74v. Commission from Charles II to Arlington, Arundell, Clifford and Bellings to negotiate with Colbert; 15 Dec. 1669. Signed with seal en placard. French, with (ff. 73-74v) a copy in English by Bellings.

12. ff. 75-76. 'The Scheme &c': proposals by Clifford for implementing the conversion of England to Catholicism; [1670?]. Printed in Hartmann, Clifford, pp. 153-155.

13. ff. 77-82v. 'A project of a secret treaty between the King of Great Britain and the most Christian Kinge', by Clifford, with additions by Arlington, including (f. 82) a clause concerning William, Prince of Orange; [Dec. 1669]. Draft. Summarised in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 289-290.

14. ff. 83-84v. Paper by Clifford concerning the English engagement in a naval war against the Dutch, and endorsed by him, 'sent to Madam Jan. 24 69/70 to be translated by Mr Montagu & deliverd [to Louis XIV]'; Jan. 1670. Copy. Printed in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 292-295.

15. ff. 85-109v. Final protocol of the Secret Treaty of Dover, with two supplements consisting of the 'Secret Articles' (f. 101) and a declaration concerning the titles of the two Kings (f. 102); 22 May[/1June] 1670. In the hand of Bellings, and signed and sealed by Arlington, Arundell, Clifford, Bellings, and Colbert. French. Including (ff. 95-100) an incomplete copy by Bellings with a few additions by Colbert at the end, and (ff. 103-109v) an English translation in the hand of Clifford. Printed in Lingard as noted above; see also Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 310-312.

16. ff. 110-111. Letter from Colbert concerning the signing of the Treaty; [May 1670]. French.

17. ff. 112-113v. Ratification of the Treaty by Charles II; [4/]14 June 1670. Copy by Bellings. French.

18. ff. 114-115v. Declaration of Hugues de Lionne concerning the titles of the Kings; [8/]18 June 1670. French.

19. ff. 116-121v. Letter from Henrietta, Duchesse d' Orléans, to Anne, Princess Palatine; [19/]29 June [1670]. Contemporary French copy with translation. Printed in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 321-323.

20. ff. 122-124. Commission from Charles II for Buckingham, Lauderdale, Arlington, Ashley and Clifford to negotiate an alliance with France; this resulted in the so-called Traité Simulé, intended to conceal the provisions in the Secret Treaty of Dover concerning Roman Catholicism from Buckingham and other Protestants who were not in the secret; 30 Sept. 1670. In Arlington's hand, signed by Charles II. French. See Hartmann, Clifford, pp. 165-167.

21. ff. 125-131v. Proposals by Louis XIV concerning negotiations with the Pope over Charles II's conversion to Roman Catholicism; [Oct. 1670]. French, with a translation by Bellings (ff. 128-131v). Summarised in Hartmann, Clifford, pp. 158-160.

22. ff. 132-136v. Instructions drawn up by Clifford for Dr John Leyburn as Charles II's envoy to Rome; [1670-1671]. Draft. Printed in Hartmann, Clifford, pp. 318-326.

23. ff. 137-137v. Queries by Leyburn concerning these instructions; [1670-1671]. Printed in Hartmann, Clifford, pp. 164-165.

24. ff. 138-141v. Secret declaration by Charles II, acknowledging that the payment of 2,000,000 livres specified in the Traité Simulé was to enable him to declare himself a Roman Catholic, as agreed in the Secret Treaty; 21/31 Dec. 1670. Copies in French and English by Bellings. See Hartmann, Clifford, p. 167.

25. f. 142. Declaration by Buckingham, Lauderdale, Arlington, Ashley, Clifford, and Colbert concerning the titles of the two Kings as given in the Traité Simulé; 21/31 Dec. 1670. Signed and sealed by all the commissioners. French. On the absence of the Traité Simulé itself, see Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, p. 375.

26. ff. 143-144. Letter from Colbert to Lord [Arlington] concerning the rate of exchange for the payments from Louis XIV to Charles II; [1670]. French.

27. ff. 145-154v. Authority from Charles II to William Chiffinch, his Closet-Keeper, to receive the payments, with forms of discharge drawn up by Colbert; [1671]. Copies and translations by Bellings. Partly French.

28. ff. 155-160. Accounts of the payments; 1671-1672. French.

29. ff. 161-162. List of the Secret Treaty papers by Clifford headed 'The writings in this deske May 27 1671', with later additions. Printed in Hartmann, Charles II and Madame, pp. 374-375, with notes of the items now missing.

30. ff. 163-193. Letters, notes, lists, etc., relating to the Secret Treaty papers, chiefly by Lingard, Feiling, and Hartmann; 19th-20th cent. Partly printed.

Louis XIV of France: Charles II of England: Letters, projects, etc., rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover between Louis XIV and Charles II: 1669-1672: Partly Fr: Partly copies and printed.

Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh: Correspondence and papers rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover of Thomas Clifford: 1669-1672: Partly Fr: Partly copies and printed.

includes:

• ff. 4-13, 22, 26, 37-39v, 60-62 Walter Montagu, Abbot of St Martin de Pontoise: Proposals, etc., rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover , copied by Abbé Montagu: 1669: Fr.
• ff. 33, 82 Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington: Proposals rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover by Henry Bennet: 1669: Drafts.
• ff. 34, 81, 124, 189-190 Cyril Hughes Hartmann, historian: Notes, etc., rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover papers by Cyril Hughes Hartmann: 1946-1954, n.d.: Partly printed.
• f. 43 Henrietta Anne Orléans, wife of Philip, Duc d'Orléans: Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington: Letter to Lord Arlington from Henrietta, Duchesse d'Orléans: 1669: Fr.
• ff. 47-55 Henrietta Anne Orléans, wife of Philip, Duc d'Orléans: Charles II of England: Letter to Charles II from Henrietta, Duchesse d'Orléans: 1669: Fr: Autogr. and copy.
• ff. 56-57v Henry Arundell, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour: Instructions to Lord Arundell rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover: 1669: Draft.
• ff. 67-70v Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy: Commissions for C. Colbert to negotiate Secret Treaty of Dover: 1669: Engl. transl.
• ff. 67-74v, 85-102, 112-113v, 128-130, 138-141v, 145-153v Sir Richard Bellings, Secretary to Catherine of Braganza: Papers rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover , copied by Sir Richard Bellings: 1669-1670: Partly Fr.
• ff. 71-74v Sir Richard Bellings, Secretary to Catherine of Braganza: Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington: Henry Arundell, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour: Commission for negotiation of Secret Treaty of Dover to Lord Clifford , Lord Arlington , Lord Arundell and Sir Richard Bellings: 1669: Copy and Fr. transl.
• f. 83 Henrietta Anne Orléans, wife of Philip, Duc d'Orléans: Letter from Lord Clifford to Henrietta, Duchesse d'Orléans: 1670: Copy.
• ff. 85-102 Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy: Sir Richard Bellings, Secretary to Catherine of Braganza: Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington: Henry Arundell, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour: Final protocol of Secret Treaty of Dover, signed by Lord Clifford , Lord Arlington, Lord Arundell, Sir Richard Bellings and Charles Colbert: 1670: Fr: Signed and sealed. Partly copy.
• ff. 110-111 Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy: Request rel. to signing of Secret Treaty of Dover by Charles Colbert: 1670: Fr.
• ff. 114-115v Hugues de Lionne, French foreign minister: Declaration rel. to Secret Treaty of Dover by Hugues de Lionne: 1670: Fr.
• ff. 116-121v Henrietta Anne Orléans, wife of Philip, Duc d'Orléans: Edward; Count Palatine of the Rhine: Letter to Anne, wife of Edward, Count Palatine of the Rhine, from Duchesse d'Orléans: 1670: Fr. with Engl. transl: Copies.
• ff. 122-123v Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury: George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham: John Maitland, Duke of Lauderdale: Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington: Commission for negotiation of Traité Simulé to Lord Clifford , Duke of Buckingham , Duke of Lauderdale , Lord Arlington and Lord Ashley: 1670: Fr.
• ff. 132-137v Clement X; Pope: John Leyburn, DD; vicar-apostolic of England: Instructions, etc., to Dr. J. Leyburn rel. to his mission to Pope Clement X: [1670-1671].
• f. 142 Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury: Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy: George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham: John Maitland, Duke of Lauderdale: Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington: Declaration rel. to Traité Simulé, signed by Lord Clifford , Duke of Buckingham, Duke of Lauderdale, Lord Arlington, Lord Ashley and Charles Colbert: 1670: Fr: Signed and sealed.
• ff. 143, 149 Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy: Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington: Letters to Lord Arlington from Charles Colbert: 1670: Fr: Partly copies.
• ff. 145-148v William Chiffinch, Closet-Keeper to Charles II: Authority from Charles II to W. Chiffinch, as receiver of French subsidies: [1671]: Copy with Fr. transl.
• f. 151 Sir Thomas Bond, Comptroller to Queen Henrietta Maria: Form of receipt by Charles II to Louis XIV for payments made by means of Sir Thomas Bond: 1671: Copy.
• f. 153 William Chiffinch, Closet-Keeper to Charles II: Form of discharge from Charles II to Louis XIV for payments made to William Chiffinch: 1671: Copy.
• ff. 155, 158-160 Mignon, Secretary to C Colbert, Marquis de Croissy: William Chiffinch, Closet-Keeper to Charles II: Accounts: Accounts by — Mignon of French subsidies paid to William Chiffinch: 1670-1672: Fr.
• ff. 156-157v Accounts: Carbonnel: Accounts by -- Carbonnel of French subsidies transferred to England: 1672: Fr.
• ff. 163-171v Hugh Clifford, 7th Baron Clifford of Chudleigh: John Lingard, DD; historian: Correspondence, etc., between Dr J. Lingard and 7th Lord Clifford: aft. 1816.
• f. 170 George Oliver, historian of Exeter: Letter from Dr J. Lingard to George Oliver: aft. 1816.
• ff. 181-184 William Hugh Clifford, 10th Baron Clifford of Chudleigh: Sir Keith Feiling, historian: Letters to 10th Lord Clifford from Sir Keith Feiling: 1927.